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Henry VIII - GCSE > Henry and Rise of Wolsey - 1509-29 > Flashcards

Henry and Rise of Wolsey - 1509-29 Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Henry marry Catherine of Aragon?

A

1509

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2
Q

When was Wolsey appointed Lord Chancellor and Chief Minister?

A

1515

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3
Q

When did Wolsey become Papal Legate in England?

A

1518

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4
Q

When was the Amicable Grant?

A

1525

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5
Q

When did Henry want to annul his marriage with Catherine of Aragon?

A

1526

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6
Q

What was the order of the great chain of being?

A

God - Angels - Royalty - Commoners - Animals - Plants - Non-Living Things

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7
Q

What was the social hierarchy in ascending order?

A

The Monarch and Church - Nobility - Gentry and Merchants - Yeoman and high skilled craftsmen - Tenant farmers and skilled tradesmen - Labourers and skilled workers

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8
Q

Why was Henry good to be a king?

A
  • Looked like a leader
  • Wanted to build an empire
  • Sporty which pleased Nobles
  • Young and charming
  • Wanted Wars and power
  • Good team of Advisors
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9
Q

Why was Henry a doubt to be a good king?

A
  • He was very aggressive
  • He had little experience
  • Very stubborn and hard to compromise with
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10
Q

What is Jousting?

A

Knights who rode at each other with lances

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11
Q

What is an accession?

A

The act of becoming king

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12
Q

What does betrothed mean?

A

A formal engagement that could not easily be broken

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13
Q

What is a royal progress?

A

A tour of the kingdom by a monarch & entourage

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14
Q

What was the divine right of kings?

A

King’s believed that they had been appointed by God

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15
Q

What is a lord chancellor?

A

The kings chief secratary

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16
Q

What is the archbishop of York?

A

Second highest position within the Church

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17
Q

What is a Cardinal?

A

A priest of very high rank in the Roman Catholic Church

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18
Q

What is the pope?

A

Head of the Catholic Church

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19
Q

What is a star chamber?

A

Special law court; cases heard in secret

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20
Q

What is the royal household?

A

Henry & his family, and all the servants needed.

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21
Q

What is the privy chamber?

A

Men chosen by Henry to be his advisors.

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22
Q

who are the royal council?

A

The kings inner circle of advisors

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23
Q

what is the court?

A

The Household plus the King’s friends and advisors

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24
Q

What is parliament?

A

Its main aim was to raise taxes for special occasions

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25
Q

What was the justices of peace?

A

ts main aim was to raise taxes for special occasions

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26
Q

What was the enclosure?

A

Areas of farmland that were being fenced off for

private use, often taken from the common land

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27
Q

Why was the enclosures so insignificant?

A

Landowners lost land from this and wool traders had less space to skin animals.

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28
Q

In 1509, how much of the population lived in the countryside as a percentage

A

94%

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29
Q

In 1509, where did 6% of people live

A

in the town

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30
Q

When was Wolsey born

A

1473

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31
Q

what was Wolsey’s dads job

A

a butcher and cattle dealer

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32
Q

In what year did Wolsey gain a degree at Oxford to become a priest

A

1498

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33
Q

Where did Wolsey go for university

A

Oxford

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34
Q

What job was Wolsey given in 1509 when he joined the royal council

A

Royal Almoner

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35
Q

what is the royal almoner

A

somebody who gives money to the poor

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36
Q

In what year did Wolsey join the royal council

A

1509

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37
Q

What 2 jobs were given to Wolsey in 1514

A

Bishop of Lincoln and Archbishop of York

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38
Q

what was the only job higher than archbishop of York

A

archbishop of Canterbury

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39
Q

When did Wolsey become Bishop of Lincoln

A

1514

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40
Q

When did Wolsey become Archbishop of York

A

1514

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41
Q

When did Wolsey become Lord Chancellor

A

1515

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42
Q

when did Wolsey become Henry’s chief minister

A

1515

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43
Q

when did Wolsey become a cardinal

A

1515

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44
Q

What happened in 1512 that convinced Henry to give Wolsey chief minister and Lord Chancellor

A

Wolsey arranged an army to battle france which was well equipped and highly resourced

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45
Q

Who did Wolsey arrange an army against in what year that persuaded Henry that he was the man of for the job

A

france in 1512

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46
Q

When did Wolsey become Papal Legate

A

1518

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47
Q

what is a Papal Legate

A

the popes representative of your own country

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48
Q

becoming Papal Legate made Wolsey the most ______ __________ in all of England

A

powerful/senior , churchman

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49
Q

Who was called the Alter Rex

A

Wolsey

50
Q

what did the Alter Rex mean

A

it meant second king. Wolsey was referred to this due to his unlimited power

51
Q

What college did Wolsey fund the build of

A

Cardinal College

52
Q

Who was the opposition to Wolsey

A

Nobility and Landowners

53
Q

why did Nobility dislike Wolsey

A

He was poor and now the second richest in England so they saw him skipping the que. He was also seen as jumping the Great Chain of Being

54
Q

Who were the royal council

A

the kings inner circle of advisors

55
Q

Who was Francis I

A

king of France

56
Q

Who was Charles V

A

Holy Roman Emperor and Spanish King

57
Q

What relation was Charles V to Catherine of Aragon

A

Charles was her nephew

58
Q

In 1517, Wolsey set up an inquiry to stop the enclosures heavily effecting _________

A

ordinary people

59
Q

How did Wolsey make a fairer Justice system

A
  • Increased star chambers and strengthened them
  • Encouraged pour to bring cases to court
  • supported poor over rich
60
Q

What was the Eltham Ordinance 1526

A

It was a 79 chapter long reading of rules which tackled mismanagement of palaces.

61
Q

When was the Eltham Ordinance

A

1526

62
Q

What were the rules in the Eltham Ordinance

A
  • Cutting spending on meals and servants
  • Laying off sick or unwanted servants
  • Privy chamber from 12 to 6
63
Q

when was subsidy brought in by Wolsey

A

1523

64
Q

what was subsidy

A

the tax that was paid, the more you earned the more you paid

65
Q

What was Clerical Taxation

A

A voluntary gift from the church to the king

66
Q

In 1523 and 1522, Landowners were forced to give money to who

A

the government

67
Q

When was the Amicable Grant

A

1525

68
Q

What was the Amicable Grant

A

It was a tax system put into to place to pay for the invasion of france

69
Q

Why was the Amicable Grant introduced

A
  • France lost a war to Habsburg empire

- England wanted to take lost land

70
Q

Who would pay for the invasion of France

A

the public

71
Q

What was the tax required to be payed by a priest

A

1/3 of a priests home

72
Q

What was the tax required by commoner to be payed

A

1/6 of a commoners home

73
Q

Why was the Amicable Grant controversial

A
  • It hadn’t been passed by the government and was being taken by royal decree
  • People had 10 weeks to pay but couldn’t afford it so a rebellion could’ve broken out against Henry VIII
74
Q

What happened to the Amicable Grant

A

Never took place and peace made with france instead

75
Q

How was Wolsey affected by the Amicable Grant

A
  • Reputation damaged as he took responsibility
  • Wolsey unable to raise other taxes as first minister
  • Doubted by Henry, starting his fall
76
Q

Who was Scotland allied with during the reign of Wolsey

A

France

77
Q

What areas were controlled by England in the reign of Wolsey

A

Wales, Ireland, Calais

78
Q

How many states made up the Holy Roman Empire

A

nearly 400

79
Q

What was the Habsburg Empire

A

the empire of Charles Vs Spain and Holy Roman Empire

80
Q

Who were the ottoman empire

A

A powerful Muslim state that controlled parts of Europe and North Africa

81
Q

What religion was Spain

A

Catholic

82
Q

What were Wolsey’s aims of the foreign policies

A
  • better relation with Habsburgs and Francis I
  • make France and Spain hate each other more
  • more military glory but less expensive wars
  • Prevent wars to make Peacemaker Henry
83
Q

In 1512, who did England form an alliance with

A

Spain

84
Q

when was the battle of Spurs with France

A

1512-14

85
Q

When was the treaty of London

A

1518

86
Q

what happened in the treaty of London

A

created ‘Universal Peace’ in Europe but it only lasted 3 years

87
Q

when was the field of cloths

A

1520

88
Q

what happened at the field of cloths

A

Henry met Francis I and their relationship became worse

89
Q

what happened at the treaty of Bruges

A

an agreement with Spain to seize French throne and take land

90
Q

when was the treaty of Bruges

A

1521

91
Q

when was the 2nd war with France

A

1522-25

92
Q

why was Charles angry with England after beating france in the war

A

Charles saw England not doing much to help so didn’t share won land with England

93
Q

When was the treaty of more

A

1525

94
Q

what happened in the treaty of more

A

formed English-French alliance against Spain

95
Q

when was the treaty of Westminster

A

1527

96
Q

what happened in the treaty of Westminster

A

Charles threatened with war

97
Q

when did England and france declare war against Spain

A

1528

98
Q

when was the treaty of Cambrai

A

1529

99
Q

what happened at the treaty of Cambrai

A

Spain and France made peace

100
Q

who was Catherine of Aragon

A

aunt of Charles V

101
Q

who was Catherine of Aragon’s first Husband

A

henry’s brother, author

102
Q

why did henry want to ended his marriage with Catherine

A
  • no healthy son

- henry liked Catherine

103
Q

What happened in 1527 with the annulment

A

Wolsey told by henry to annul marriage with pope Clement

104
Q

who was the pope at the time of the annulment

A

pope Clement

105
Q

Who did Wolsey lead the enquiry of the annulment alongside

A

Cardinal Campeggio

106
Q

What made the case of the annulment more likely to pass in June 1529

A

Wolsey joining the commission with Campeggio

107
Q

what made the case of the annulment less likely to pass in July 1529

A

Pope took case to Rome which was now ruled by Charles

108
Q

What happened to Wolsey in October 1529

A

charged with Praemunire and chancellorship given to Sir Thomas More

109
Q

what happened to Wolsey in September 1529

A

Wolsey stripped of palaces in St Albans and Winchester and suspended of York Archbishopship

110
Q

When was Wolsey given a royal pardon and what was he given back

A

Feb 1530, Archbishop of York given back

111
Q

In what year was Henry made King of England

A

1509

112
Q

In what year was the Battle of Spurs and where was it

A

France in 1512

113
Q

who won the battle of spurs

A

Henry and England

114
Q

England wanted the 1st war with France to continue from 1514-18, but why didn’t it continue

A

England couldn’t find any more countries to join them

115
Q

when did Catherine of Aragon give birth to Mary

A

1516

116
Q

who was Catherine of Aragon’s first child

A

Mary

117
Q

when did Cromwell join Wolsey’s council and become a trusted advisor

A

1519

118
Q

where did the Field of Cloth of Gold take place

A

Calais

119
Q

what was the title ‘defender of faith’

A

it showed how strong the pope and Henry’s relation was

120
Q

what name was Henry given by the pope in 1521

A

defender of faith

121
Q

who was the pope at the time when Henry was named the ‘defender of faith’

A

pope Leo X

122
Q

when was Henry given the name ‘defender of faith’

A

1521

Henry VIII - GCSE (3 decks)

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