Henry and Cromwell - 1529-40 Flashcards
What was the ‘Great Kings Matter’
the kings search for an annulment from Catherine of Aragon
What does legitimate mean
status of a child being born to parents who are legally married
what is treason
an attempt to overthrow government of state
what is the supreme head
the head of church
what is dissolution
the closure of the monasteries in 1536-39
what was the act of restraint of appeals
asserted that England was an empire and not subject to any form of foreign rule
what is a Vicer-general
in charge of church with power to institute church reforms
what is a lord great chamberlain
in charge of henry’s household
what is the chancellor of the exchequer
in charge of finances
what is an annulment
declaring that marriage wasn’t legal
what is a miscarriage
natural death of an embryo or foetus before it is able to survive independently
who was anne bolyen
henry’s 2nd wife
who was jane seymour
henry’s 3rd wife
who was mark smeaton
accused of having an affair with anne boleyn
who was Sir henry Norris
accused of having an affair with anne boleyn
who was Thomas cranmer
archbishop of cantebury
who was Edward VI
henrys son
who was henry fitzroy
henry’s illegitimate child
who is anne of cleves
henrys 4th wife
in what year did henry marry Anne Boleyn
1533
when was Cromwell born
1485
what was Cromwell doing during 1503-14
travelled Europe, became soldier, banker in Italy, clerk in Holland, lawyer in London
what year did Cromwell join Wolsey’s council
1516
when did Cromwell become a MP of Taunton
1529
why did Cromwell become MP of Taunton in 1529
so he’d stay in government service after Wolsey fell
who did Cromwell join in 1530
royal council
what was the significance of Cromwell joining the royal council in 1530
gave access to henry VIII
when did Cromwell become master of the king’s jewels
1531
when did Cromwell and Henry first start talking (year)
1532
when was Cromwell assumed as chief minister
1533
what year did Cromwell become the principal secretary
1534
what religious beliefs did Cromwell have
heavily protestant
who was Cromwell loyal to
friends, family, former boss Wolsey and Henry
who opposed Cromwell
merchants, nobles - he ‘skipped’ the social hierarchy
why did pope clement not want to annul henry and Catherine’s marriage
he did not want to upset Charles V
when did Henry marry Anne
January 1833
who married henry and Anne in secret
archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Crammer
what was the act of restraint of appeals
- stated that England was an empire
- All power held by Pope in England now held by Henry
- Henry became supreme head of church
- Henry could now annul his own marriage
when was the act of restraint of appeals
1533
What happened in May 1533 with the annulment
Archbishop Crammer stated that Pope Julius incorrectly married Anne and Henry, so it wasn’t valid and Henry marrying Anne was legal
when was Elizabeth, Anne’s daughter, born
September 1533
When was Cromwell made Vicar-general
1535
when did Cromwell become the Master of the rolls
1533
when did Cromwell become chancellor of the exchequer
1533
When did Cromwell become Lord Privy Seal
1536
what is the lord privy seal
senior position in privy council with unlimited access to Henry’s documents
When did Cromwell become Lord Great Chamberlain
1540
How many men were convicted of having affairs with Anne
5
how were the names of the men that had affairs with Anne found
torture
What year did Anne have a miscarriage
1534
Anne had a 2nd miscarriage in what year
1536
why was the 2nd child of Anne’s a miscarriage and why was this bad on Anne
deformed making her seem like a witch
What happened on the 2nd May 1536 to Anne Boleyn
charged with adultery and sent to the tower of London
When was Anne found guilty of Adultery
15th May 1536
What day was Anne executed
19th May 1536
How many days after the death of Anne Boleyn did Henry marry Jane Seymour
11 days
What year did henry marry Jane Seymour
1536
when did Jane have a healthy boy
1537
what was the significance of a baby son
a male heir to the throne
what was Jane Seymour’s son called
Edward VI
When did Jane Seymour die
24th October 1537
why did Jane Seymour die
illness after giving birth to Edward VI
what was the reform of the royal council
- Used to be 100 members in privy council
- Now there are 20 permanent advisors
- Clerk appointed to record decisions
What was the reform of Wales, 1536
- Wales became part of England
- Welsh law replaced by English law
- Wales represented by 26 MPs
- English declared the language of Wales
What was the King’s Chamber
Recorded income of tax/rent and money spent by King and Government
With the income from the dissolution of the monasteries, Cromwell decided to split the King’s Chamber into _ parts
6
With the 6 departments of the King’s Chamber, how many of them dealt with the traditional income
4
what was the Court of Augmentations
dealt with the property and income from the dissolution of the monasteries
what was the Court of First Fruits and Tenths
collected taxes from clergy previously sent to Rome and the Pope
How many chamber were there in parliament before henry
2
what were the 2 chambers in parliament before henry
House of Lords, House of Commons
Who made up the house of lords
landowners and bishops
who made up the house of commons
gentry and merchants
What was the main reason Henry wanted to marry Anne of Cleves
alliance with Germany if france and Spain were to attack them
who is Anne of Cleves
- Daughter of Duke of Cleves, state in Germany
- 24 years old when married Henry
When was the marriage treaty for Anne of Cleves signed
October 1539
What was Henry’s first thought when seeing Anne of Cleves
he shouted ‘I like her not, I like her not!’
when did Anne of Cleves arrive in England
December 1539
when did the marriage take place
6th January 1540
Why did Henry want to divorce Anne of Cleves in the summer of 1540
- Invasion less likely so no ally needed
- He just hated her
- Attracted to Catherine of Howard
How long was Henry married to Anne of Cleves for
4 months
What did Henry give to Anne of Cleves when they divorced
estates
how did Anne of Cleves marriage ruin Cromwell’s reputation
henry blamed henry and this made Cromwell vulnerable in court to rivals
when was Cromwell executed
28th July 1540
what was Cromwell’s crime leading to his execution
treason
When was Cromwell made the Earl of Essex
April 1540
Who, arguably, was the main person who caused Cromwell’s downfall
Duke of Norfolk
who was the duke of Norfolk
Thomas Howard, Catherine Howard’s uncle
When did Catherine Howard marry Henry
1540
Why did Thomas Howard have a strong dislike towards Cromwell
- Wanted to become chief minister over Cromwell
- Heavily against Protestant ideas as he was catholic
When was Cromwell arrested for treason
15th June 1540
Where was Cromwell arrested for treason
at a privy council meeting
How much was Cromwell’s goods valued at when taken away by the state
£7000
What was the act of attainder passed
29th June 1540
what was the act of attainder
act stating Cromwell will be executed without a trial
What day was Cromwell executed
28th July 1540
what day did henry marry Catherine Howard
28th July 1540
what happened on the same day as Cromwell’s death
henry and Catherine Howard marriage
how would Cromwell being executed help foreign relationships
- Hated by French Catholic’s
- His execution would prevent a catholic crusade in England
who was the archbishop of Canterbury in 1533
Thomas Crammer
when did Anne give birth to Elizabeth
september 1533
who was Anne’s first child
elizabeth
when was elizabeth barton executed
1534
what was elizabeth barton’s job
nun of kent
why did thomas more get executed
refused to sign oath of succesion
what was the act of union
wales now part of england
how long did catherine howard marry henry for
2 years, 1540-42
when was robert aske executed
1537
how many other rebels were executed with robert aske from the pilgrimage of Grace
178
when was the first english bible first printed
1539
what was the first english bible called
the great bible
