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Henry VIII - GCSE > Henry and Cromwell - 1529-40 > Flashcards

Henry and Cromwell - 1529-40 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the ‘Great Kings Matter’

A

the kings search for an annulment from Catherine of Aragon

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2
Q

What does legitimate mean

A

status of a child being born to parents who are legally married

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3
Q

what is treason

A

an attempt to overthrow government of state

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4
Q

what is the supreme head

A

the head of church

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5
Q

what is dissolution

A

the closure of the monasteries in 1536-39

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6
Q

what was the act of restraint of appeals

A

asserted that England was an empire and not subject to any form of foreign rule

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7
Q

what is a Vicer-general

A

in charge of church with power to institute church reforms

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8
Q

what is a lord great chamberlain

A

in charge of henry’s household

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9
Q

what is the chancellor of the exchequer

A

in charge of finances

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10
Q

what is an annulment

A

declaring that marriage wasn’t legal

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11
Q

what is a miscarriage

A

natural death of an embryo or foetus before it is able to survive independently

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12
Q

who was anne bolyen

A

henry’s 2nd wife

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13
Q

who was jane seymour

A

henry’s 3rd wife

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14
Q

who was mark smeaton

A

accused of having an affair with anne boleyn

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15
Q

who was Sir henry Norris

A

accused of having an affair with anne boleyn

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16
Q

who was Thomas cranmer

A

archbishop of cantebury

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17
Q

who was Edward VI

A

henrys son

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18
Q

who was henry fitzroy

A

henry’s illegitimate child

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19
Q

who is anne of cleves

A

henrys 4th wife

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20
Q

in what year did henry marry Anne Boleyn

A

1533

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21
Q

when was Cromwell born

A

1485

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22
Q

what was Cromwell doing during 1503-14

A

travelled Europe, became soldier, banker in Italy, clerk in Holland, lawyer in London

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23
Q

what year did Cromwell join Wolsey’s council

A

1516

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24
Q

when did Cromwell become a MP of Taunton

A

1529

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25
Q

why did Cromwell become MP of Taunton in 1529

A

so he’d stay in government service after Wolsey fell

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26
Q

who did Cromwell join in 1530

A

royal council

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27
Q

what was the significance of Cromwell joining the royal council in 1530

A

gave access to henry VIII

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28
Q

when did Cromwell become master of the king’s jewels

A

1531

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29
Q

when did Cromwell and Henry first start talking (year)

A

1532

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30
Q

when was Cromwell assumed as chief minister

A

1533

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31
Q

what year did Cromwell become the principal secretary

A

1534

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32
Q

what religious beliefs did Cromwell have

A

heavily protestant

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33
Q

who was Cromwell loyal to

A

friends, family, former boss Wolsey and Henry

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34
Q

who opposed Cromwell

A

merchants, nobles - he ‘skipped’ the social hierarchy

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35
Q

why did pope clement not want to annul henry and Catherine’s marriage

A

he did not want to upset Charles V

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36
Q

when did Henry marry Anne

A

January 1833

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37
Q

who married henry and Anne in secret

A

archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Crammer

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38
Q

what was the act of restraint of appeals

A
  • stated that England was an empire
  • All power held by Pope in England now held by Henry
  • Henry became supreme head of church
  • Henry could now annul his own marriage
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39
Q

when was the act of restraint of appeals

A

1533

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40
Q

What happened in May 1533 with the annulment

A

Archbishop Crammer stated that Pope Julius incorrectly married Anne and Henry, so it wasn’t valid and Henry marrying Anne was legal

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41
Q

when was Elizabeth, Anne’s daughter, born

A

September 1533

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42
Q

When was Cromwell made Vicar-general

A

1535

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43
Q

when did Cromwell become the Master of the rolls

A

1533

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44
Q

when did Cromwell become chancellor of the exchequer

A

1533

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45
Q

When did Cromwell become Lord Privy Seal

A

1536

46
Q

what is the lord privy seal

A

senior position in privy council with unlimited access to Henry’s documents

47
Q

When did Cromwell become Lord Great Chamberlain

A

1540

48
Q

How many men were convicted of having affairs with Anne

A

5

49
Q

how were the names of the men that had affairs with Anne found

A

torture

50
Q

What year did Anne have a miscarriage

A

1534

51
Q

Anne had a 2nd miscarriage in what year

A

1536

52
Q

why was the 2nd child of Anne’s a miscarriage and why was this bad on Anne

A

deformed making her seem like a witch

53
Q

What happened on the 2nd May 1536 to Anne Boleyn

A

charged with adultery and sent to the tower of London

54
Q

When was Anne found guilty of Adultery

A

15th May 1536

55
Q

What day was Anne executed

A

19th May 1536

56
Q

How many days after the death of Anne Boleyn did Henry marry Jane Seymour

A

11 days

57
Q

What year did henry marry Jane Seymour

A

1536

58
Q

when did Jane have a healthy boy

A

1537

59
Q

what was the significance of a baby son

A

a male heir to the throne

60
Q

what was Jane Seymour’s son called

A

Edward VI

61
Q

When did Jane Seymour die

A

24th October 1537

62
Q

why did Jane Seymour die

A

illness after giving birth to Edward VI

63
Q

what was the reform of the royal council

A
  • Used to be 100 members in privy council
  • Now there are 20 permanent advisors
  • Clerk appointed to record decisions
64
Q

What was the reform of Wales, 1536

A
  • Wales became part of England
  • Welsh law replaced by English law
  • Wales represented by 26 MPs
  • English declared the language of Wales
65
Q

What was the King’s Chamber

A

Recorded income of tax/rent and money spent by King and Government

66
Q

With the income from the dissolution of the monasteries, Cromwell decided to split the King’s Chamber into _ parts

A

6

67
Q

With the 6 departments of the King’s Chamber, how many of them dealt with the traditional income

A

4

68
Q

what was the Court of Augmentations

A

dealt with the property and income from the dissolution of the monasteries

69
Q

what was the Court of First Fruits and Tenths

A

collected taxes from clergy previously sent to Rome and the Pope

70
Q

How many chamber were there in parliament before henry

A

2

71
Q

what were the 2 chambers in parliament before henry

A

House of Lords, House of Commons

72
Q

Who made up the house of lords

A

landowners and bishops

73
Q

who made up the house of commons

A

gentry and merchants

74
Q

What was the main reason Henry wanted to marry Anne of Cleves

A

alliance with Germany if france and Spain were to attack them

75
Q

who is Anne of Cleves

A
  • Daughter of Duke of Cleves, state in Germany

- 24 years old when married Henry

76
Q

When was the marriage treaty for Anne of Cleves signed

A

October 1539

77
Q

What was Henry’s first thought when seeing Anne of Cleves

A

he shouted ‘I like her not, I like her not!’

78
Q

when did Anne of Cleves arrive in England

A

December 1539

79
Q

when did the marriage take place

A

6th January 1540

80
Q

Why did Henry want to divorce Anne of Cleves in the summer of 1540

A
  • Invasion less likely so no ally needed
  • He just hated her
  • Attracted to Catherine of Howard
81
Q

How long was Henry married to Anne of Cleves for

A

4 months

82
Q

What did Henry give to Anne of Cleves when they divorced

A

estates

83
Q

how did Anne of Cleves marriage ruin Cromwell’s reputation

A

henry blamed henry and this made Cromwell vulnerable in court to rivals

84
Q

when was Cromwell executed

A

28th July 1540

85
Q

what was Cromwell’s crime leading to his execution

A

treason

86
Q

When was Cromwell made the Earl of Essex

A

April 1540

87
Q

Who, arguably, was the main person who caused Cromwell’s downfall

A

Duke of Norfolk

88
Q

who was the duke of Norfolk

A

Thomas Howard, Catherine Howard’s uncle

89
Q

When did Catherine Howard marry Henry

A

1540

90
Q

Why did Thomas Howard have a strong dislike towards Cromwell

A
  • Wanted to become chief minister over Cromwell

- Heavily against Protestant ideas as he was catholic

91
Q

When was Cromwell arrested for treason

A

15th June 1540

92
Q

Where was Cromwell arrested for treason

A

at a privy council meeting

93
Q

How much was Cromwell’s goods valued at when taken away by the state

A

£7000

94
Q

What was the act of attainder passed

A

29th June 1540

95
Q

what was the act of attainder

A

act stating Cromwell will be executed without a trial

96
Q

What day was Cromwell executed

A

28th July 1540

97
Q

what day did henry marry Catherine Howard

A

28th July 1540

98
Q

what happened on the same day as Cromwell’s death

A

henry and Catherine Howard marriage

99
Q

how would Cromwell being executed help foreign relationships

A
  • Hated by French Catholic’s

- His execution would prevent a catholic crusade in England

100
Q

who was the archbishop of Canterbury in 1533

A

Thomas Crammer

101
Q

when did Anne give birth to Elizabeth

A

september 1533

102
Q

who was Anne’s first child

A

elizabeth

103
Q

when was elizabeth barton executed

A

1534

104
Q

what was elizabeth barton’s job

A

nun of kent

105
Q

why did thomas more get executed

A

refused to sign oath of succesion

106
Q

what was the act of union

A

wales now part of england

107
Q

how long did catherine howard marry henry for

A

2 years, 1540-42

108
Q

when was robert aske executed

A

1537

109
Q

how many other rebels were executed with robert aske from the pilgrimage of Grace

A

178

110
Q

when was the first english bible first printed

A

1539

111
Q

what was the first english bible called

A

the great bible

Henry VIII - GCSE (3 decks)

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