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Cardiovascular System (Physio) > Hemostasis > Flashcards

Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Hemostasis

definition

A

the arrest of bleeding from a broken blood vessel

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2
Q

Vascular Spasm

A

when a vessel is damaged, the smooth muscle cells in the wall contract immediately, slowing the blood flow and minimizing blood loss

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3
Q

ADP

role in platelet plug

A
  • released by activated platelets and endothelial cells at injury site
  • causes nearby platelets to become sticky
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4
Q

Thromboxane A2

role in platelet plug

A
  • released by activated platelets
  • stimulates platelet aggregation and release of ADP
  • enhances vascular spasms
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5
Q

Serotonin

role in platelet plug

A

assists thromboxane A2 in stimulating vasoconstriction

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6
Q

Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)

A

a peptide that promotes vessel repair by stimulating the division of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts

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7
Q

Prostocyclin

A
  • a prostoglandin secreted by endothelial and white blood cells
  • opposes actions of thromboxane A2
  • a powerful inhibitor of platelet adhesion and release (anticoagulant)
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8
Q

Antithrombin III

A

inhibits several different procoagulants, including thrombin

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9
Q

Heparin

A
  • released by the basophils, mast cells, and endothelial cell
  • it accelerated the activation of antithrombin III
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10
Q

Tissue Plasminogen Acitvator (t-PA)

A
  • secreted by endothelial cells

- it converts plasminogen to plasmin which enzymatically degrades fibrin (clots)

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11
Q

Fibrinolysis

A
  • clot destroyed by breakdown of fibrin

- plasminogen is converted to plasmin

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12
Q

Trigger of Extrinisic Pathway

A
  • damaged tissue produces tissue thromboplastin (tissue factor)
  • this activates factor VII
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13
Q

Trigger of Intrinsic Pathway

A
  • damaged cells contact collagen

- this activates factor XII

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14
Q

Coagulation Stage 2

A

prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin

- in presence of calcium

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15
Q

Coagulation Stage 3

A

thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin

- in presence of calcium

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16
Q

Prothrombinase

A

enzyme that converts prothrombin to thrombin

17
Q

Fibrinogn

A

plasma protein formed by the liver that is converted to fibrin

18
Q

Prothrombin

A

plasma protein formed by the liver that is converted to thrombin

19
Q

Thromboplastin

A
  • a tissue protein that is a complex mixture of lipoproteins and phospholipids released from surface of damaged cells
  • also known as tissue factor
20
Q

Plasminogen

A

an inactive plasma enzyme that is activated to plasmin

21
Q

Warfarin

A

depresses synthesis of several clotting factors by blocking use of vitamin K by liver

22
Q

Streptokinase

A

converts uncomplexed plasminogen to plasmin

23
Q

Urokinase

A

activates plasminogen, and directly degrades fibrin

24
Q

EDTA and CPD

A

removes calcium from plasma

Cardiovascular System (Physio) (6 decks)

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