Cardiovascular System Overview/Definitions Flashcards
Functions of the Cardiovascular System
- distribution of O2 and nutrients to all tissues
- transportation of CO2 and waste products from tissues to lungs and excretory organs
- distribution of water, electrolytes, and hormones throughout body
- contribution to immune system
- thermoregulation
Systemic Circulation
- the left side of the heart, systemic arteries, capillaries, veins
- blood pumps to the body via the aorta
- high pressure circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
- the right side of the heart, pulmonary arteries, capillaries, veins
- blood pumps to the lungs
- low pressure circulation
Cardiac Output
definition
the rate at which blood is pumped from each ventricle
Venous Return
definition
the rate at which blood is returned to the atria from the vein
Stroke Volume
definition
the volume of blood pumped out of each ventricle with each contraction, or beat, by the heart
Systole
definition
period of cardiac contraction and emptying
Systolic Pressure
definition
the highest arterial pressure measured during a cardiac cycle
- the pressure in the artery after blood has been ejected from the left ventricle during systole
Diastole
definition
the period of cardiac relaxation and filling
Diastolic Pressure
definition
the lowest arterial pressure measured during a cardiac cycle
- the pressure in the artery when no blood is being ejected from the left ventricle
Pulse Pressure
definition
the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
- the magnitude reflects the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle on a single beat
End-Diastolic Volume
definition
volume in the ventricle before ejection
preload
End-Systolic Volume
definition
volume in the ventricle after ejection
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
definition
the average pressure responsible for driving blood forward into the tissues throughout the cardiac cycle
Mean Arterial Pressure
equation
MAP = diastolic pressure + 1/3( systolic pressure - diastolic pressure)
