Hemostasis Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

A zymogen is

A

An inactive substance which can be converted into an enzyme when activated by another enzyme

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2
Q

(T or F) The roman numerals assigned to clotting factors are named in the order of discovery not the order of activation in the clotting cascade.

A

True

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3
Q

Which clotting factor initiates the extrinsic pathway (tissue factor pathway).

A

Factor III (Tissue Factor)

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4
Q

Which factor does factor III (tissue factor) activate in the clotting cascade?

A

Factor VII

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5
Q

In the clotting cascade, thrombin has this action:

A

Converts fibrinogen to fibrin

And

Activates protein C

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6
Q

The intrinsic pathway is initiated by which factor?

A

Factor XII

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7
Q

Which factor has the greatest ability to bioregulate hemostasis (upregulate or downregulate the clotting cascade)?

A

Thrombin

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8
Q

Which factor creates crosslinks of fibrin mesh during clot formation?

A

Factor XIII

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9
Q

In which organ are the majority of clotting factors produced?

A

Liver

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10
Q

Which clotting factors are vitamin K dependent?

A

II - 2

VII - 7

IX - 9

X - 10

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11
Q

Prothrombin time (PT) evaluates the ______

A

Extrinsic pathway

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12
Q

(T or F) Delayed bleeding is characteristic of secondary hemostatic disorders.

A

True

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13
Q

What can lead to a prolonged prothrombin time (PT)?

A

Vitamin K deficiency

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14
Q

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) evaluates the ______

A

Intrinsic system

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15
Q

Hemophilia A is a deficiency of this factor:

A

Factor VII

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16
Q

Which is the most common type of hemophilia?

A

Hemophilia A

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17
Q

(T or F) Elongation of aPTT occurs with Von Willebrand disease.

A

True

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18
Q

What are sources of Vitamin K?

A

Synthesized by intestinal flora

Green leafy vegetables

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19
Q

Which enzyme is responsible for degrading fibrin during fibrinolysis?

20
Q

Under what circumstances do protein C and protein S become activated?

A

In the presence of excess thrombin

21
Q

(T or F) Factors C and S are vitamin K dependent.

22
Q

Factor V Leiden mutation results in what?

A

Hypercoagulability

23
Q

What is is contraindicated for individuals with Factor V Leiden disease?

A

Oral birth control pills

24
Q

An elevation in aPTT suggests:

A

A deficit of functional factors in the intrinsic pathway

25
Platelets stay in circulation for
7-10 days
26
What are critical values?
Values determined to be so low/high they constitute a medical emergency
27
The major risk associated with thrombocytopenia is
Spontaneous hemorrhage
28
(T or F) Thrombocytopenia is associated with a wide variety of conditions.
True
29
Which of the following is NOT an interfering factor for platelet counts? Drug intake Tobacco use High altitude Estrogen
Tobacco use
30
A screening CBC is performed on a healthy individual. The report findings are positive for low platelets. Your next step is to:
Review the peripheral smear for satellite formation or platelet clumping
31
Which of the following conditions is associated with a decreased MPV? ## Footnote B12 deficiency Sepsis Aplastic anemia Valvular heart disease
Aplastic anemia
32
What is the final outcome of healthy hemostasis
Formation of a stable hemostatic plug
33
Which of the following steps are included in primary hemostasis? ## Footnote Recruitment of RBCs to the area of injury Formation of a white thrombus Formation of a stable clot Reflexive vasoconstriction
Formation of a white thrombus and Reflexive vasoconstriction
34
In primary hemostasis, the bleeding initially stops with:
Platelet adherence to subendothelial collagen fibers
35
What triggers platelet morphophonology to change?
Activation by von Willebrand factor (vWB)
36
(T or F) The two steps of hemostasis (primary and secondary) happen independently of one another and in succession.
False
37
Which best describes aggregation in primary hemostasis? ## Footnote Platelet to RBC attachments Platelet to WBC attachments Platelet to platelet attachments Platelet to collagen attachments
Platelet to platelet attachments
38
What triggers amplification of aggregation into a large platelet mass?
Release of large quantities of ADP with thromboxane A2 (TXA2)
39
Why must a platelet plug be reinforced with secondary hemostasis?
It is fragile and It can easily be dislodged from the vessel wall
40
Which of the following is the most frequently inherited primary bleeding disorder? ## Footnote Gray platelet syndrome Bernard Soulier disease Storage pool disease Von Willebrand disease
Von Willebrand disease
41
Which presenation are associated with von Willebrand disease? ## Footnote Heavy menstrual bleeding increased clotting with DVT formation Mucosal bleeding
Heavy menstrual bleeding and Mucosal bleeding
42
What is the mechanism of action of aspirin?
Inhibition of thromboxane
43
The aspirin effect lasts for
7 days
44
Bleeding time testing gives information about ## Footnote Platelet number or count How a body responds to trauma Platelet function Heparin therapy evaluation
Platelet function
45
What lab has largely replaced bleeding time testing?
Platelet function screen