Hemoglobin

Question 1

iron bearing protein contained
within the erythrocytes

Answer 1

hemoglobin

Question 2

function of hemoglobin

Answer 2

Transport oxygen from the lungs
to the tissue and carbon dioxide
from the tissue.

Question 3

it is synthesized by young
erythroblast from the
polychromatophilic normoblast
stage up to reticulocytes stage

Answer 3

hemoglobin

Question 4

Composition of Heme

Answer 4

Protophorphyrin IX
Ferrous iron

Question 5

amino acids of alpha and zeta

Answer 5

141

Question 6

amino acids of beta

Answer 6

146

Question 7

pretzel like
configuration

Answer 7

tertiary

Question 8

amino acid sequence

Answer 8

primary

Question 9

complete molecule

Answer 9

quarternary

Question 10

helices and non
helices

Answer 10

secondary

Question 11

Occurs in the cytoplasm of normoblast and
reticulocytes.

Answer 11

synthesis of globin

Question 12

manufactured in
the ribosomes

Answer 12

Polypepdtide chains

Question 13

made via transcription
of m genetic code to mRNA and
translation of mRNA.

Answer 13

Globin protein

Question 14

the ability of hemoglobin to bind or
release oxygen . Expressed in terms of the oxygen
tension at which hgb is 50% saturated

Answer 14

oxygen affinity

Question 15

The relationship between O2 tension and
hemoglobin saturation with oxygen is described as

Answer 15

OXYGEN DISSOCIATION
CURVE

Question 16

relationship of O2 affinity with
Hb to pH

Answer 16

bohr effect

Question 17

decreases oxygen affinity , more 02 release to the
tissues

Answer 17

right shift

Question 18

increases oxygen affinity less 02 release to the
tissues

Answer 18

left shift

Question 19

hemoglobin in combination with
oxygen.
gives pinkness to the skin and mucous membrane.
seen in arterial circulation

Answer 19

Oxyhemoglobin

Question 20

hgb with iron but no O2 seen in
venous circulation
unassociated with oxygen

Answer 20

Deoxyhemoglobin

Question 21

Found in normal human embryos
and fetuses with a gestational age
of less than three months

Absent at birth

Answer 21

Embryonic Hemoglobin

Question 22

Composed of 2 zeta and 2 epsilon globin
chains

Answer 22

Hemoglobin Gower I

Question 23

Composed of 2 alpha and 2 epsilon

Answer 23

Hemoglobin Gower 2

Question 24

composed of 2 zeta and 2 gamma

Answer 24

Hemoglobin Portland

Question 25

the major hemoglobin of the fetus and newborns Composed 0f 2 alpha and 2 gamma Produced four months after conception

Answer 25

Fetal Hemoglobin ( HbF)

Question 26

normal adult hemoglobin 95 to 97 %of hemoglobin in normal adults produced after one year onwards composed of 2 alpha (141 AA) and 2 beta chains(146 AA)

Answer 26

Hemoglobin A or A1

Question 27

Constitutes less than 3% of the total hemoglobin Composed of 2 alpha and 2 delta

Answer 27

Hemoglobin A2

Question 28

- degradation product of HbA2 - composed of 2 alpha and 2 delta

Answer 28

Hemoglobin A3

Question 29

this is the primary hemoglobin in people with sickle cell disease. causes the red blood cell to deform and assume a sickle shape when exposed to decreased amounts of oxygen

Answer 29

Hemoglobin S

Question 30

Glutamic acid is replaced by

Answer 30

valine in the 6th position of beta chain

Question 31

It usually causes a minor amount of hemolytic anemia and a mild to moderate enlargement of the spleen About 2-3% of people of West African descent are heterozygotes for

Answer 31

hemoglobin C

Question 32

is one of the most common beta chain hemoglobin variants in the world

Answer 32

Hemoglobin E

Question 33

an abnormal hemoglobin that occurs in some cases of alpha thalassemia

Answer 33

hemoglobin H

Question 34

Is a form hgb in its ferric state * Has a brownish to bluish color and does not revert to red on exposure to oxygen. * Peak in the range of 620 – 640 nm at pH 7.1 under spectral absorption test

Answer 34

METHEMOGLOBIN

Question 35

Formed by the irreversible oxidation of Hb of certain drugs and chemicals Formed by the addition of hydrogen sulfide to hgb has a greenish pigment.

Answer 35

SULFHEMOGLOBIN

Question 36

If sulfhemoglobin reaches the critical level in the blood it imparts

Answer 36

MAUVE LAVENDER

Question 37

Results from the binding of carbon monoxide to heme iron. * Hb can combine with carbon monoxide with affinity 200 times greater than that of Oxygen.

Answer 37

CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN

Question 38

termed as silent killer for its colorless gas , odor and patient becomes easily hypoxic

Answer 38

Carbon monoxide.

Question 39

qualitative screening test based on specific gravity. The density of the drop of blood is directly proportional to the amount of hemoglobin it contains

Answer 39

Copper Sulfate Specific Gravity

Question 40

Hb will combine and liberate a fixed quantity of O₂. The blood is hemolyzed with saponin and the gas is collected and measured in a Van Slyke apparatus.

Answer 40

Gasometric Method (Oxygen Capacity Method)

Question 41

when the drop of donor's blood dropped into copper sulfate solution becomes encased in a sac of copper proteinate, which prevents any change in the specific gravity for about 15 seconds

Answer 41

Copper Sulfate Specific Gravity

Question 42

measures plasma hemoglobin

Answer 42

Oxyhemoglobin Method

Question 43

Photoelectric

Answer 43

- Oxyhemoglobin Method - Cyanmethemoglobin or HiCN method

Question 44

Colorimetric Methods

Answer 44

- Visual - Photoelectric

Question 45

Blood is diluted in a solution of potassium ferricyanide and potassium cyanide. The hemoglobin is oxidized to methemoglobin by the potassium ferricyanide.

Answer 45

Cyanmethemoglobin or HiCN method

Question 46

reagent used in hemoglobin determination - pale and yellow with a pH of 7.2 +0.2

Answer 46

Modified drabkin’s reagent

Question 47

Reference Range for cyanmethemoglobin

Answer 47

M: 13.5-18 g/dL F: 12-15 g/dL

Question 48

decreased hemoglobin level

Answer 48

oligochromia

Question 49

People living at high altitudes

Answer 49

increased Hb values

Question 50

Excessive fluid intake

Answer 50

decrease hb

Question 51

during pregnancy

Answer 51

decrease hb

Question 52

The panic Hb is less than 5.0 g/dl a conditions that leads to

Answer 52

heart condition and death

Question 53

A value more than 20 g/dl leads to

Answer 53

clogging of the capillaries as a result of hemoconcentration