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HEMA LEC MIDTERM > hemoglobin > Flashcards

hemoglobin Flashcards

1
Q

iron bearing protein contained
within the erythrocytes

A

hemoglobin

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2
Q

one gram of hemoglobin can carry

A

1.34 ml of oxygen

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3
Q

FUNCTIONS OF
HEMOGLOBIN

A

Transport oxygen from the lungs
to the tissue and carbon dioxide
from the tissue
- acid- base balance regulation

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4
Q

1 heme is equal to

A

1 moles of oxygen

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5
Q

1 hemoglobin is equal to

A

4 moles of oxygen

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6
Q

young erythroblast is synthesized from

A

polychromatophilic normoblast stage up to reticulocytes stage

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7
Q

Structure of Heme/composition of heme

A
  • Protophorphyrin IX
  • Ferrous iron
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8
Q

Each globin consists of what?

A

8 helices separated by 7 non helices segments

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9
Q

2nd helix of amino acid

A

amino acid sequence

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10
Q

Secondary helix

A

helices and non
helices

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11
Q

Tertiary helix

A

pretzel like
configuration

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12
Q

quaternary helix

A

complete molecule

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13
Q

ability of hemoglobin to bind or
release oxygen . Expressed in terms of the oxygen
tension at which hgb is 50% saturated

A

oxygen affinity

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14
Q

oxygen tension also known as partial pressure

A

partial pressure of oxygen

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15
Q

relationship of O2 affinity with
Hb to pH

A

bohr effect

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16
Q

Inc Hb affinity for O2

A

increased pH (alkalosis)

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17
Q

dec hb affinity for O2

A

decreased pH (acidosis)

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18
Q

the normal position of curve depends on

A

§ Concentration of 2,3-DPG
§ H+ ion concentration (pH)
§ CO2 in red blood cells
§ Structure of Hb

19
Q

Right shift (decreases oxygen affinity , more 02 release to the
tissues

A

§ High 2,3-DPG
§ Dec body pH
§ High CO2
§ HbS

20
Q

hemoglobin in combination with
oxygen.
gives pinkness to the skin and mucous membrane.
seen in arterial circulation

A

Oxyhemoglobin

21
Q

hgb with iron but no O2 seen in
venous circulation
unassociated with oxygen.

A

Deoxyhemoglobin

22
Q

Found in normal human embryos
and fetuses with a gestational age
of less than three months

A

Embryonic Hemoglobin

23
Q

Composed of 2 zeta and 2 epsilon globin
chains

A

Hemoglobin Gower I

24
Q

Composed of 2 alpha and 2 epsilon

A

Hemoglobin Gower 2

25
Q

composed of 2 zeta and 2 gamma

A

Hemoglobin Portland

26
Q

Composed 0f 2 alpha and 2 gamma

A

Fetal Hemoglobin

27
Q

normal adult hemoglobin

A

hemoglobin A or A1

28
Q

the major hemoglobin of the fetus
and newborns

A

fetal hemoglobin

29
Q

Constitutes less than 3% of the total
hemoglobin

A

hemoglobin A2

30
Q

degradation product of HbA2

A

hemoglobin A3

31
Q

this is the primary hemoglobin
in people with sickle cell disease

A

hemoglobin S

32
Q

replaced by valine in the
6th position of beta chain

A

Glutamic acid

33
Q

one of the most common beta
chain hemoglobin variants in the world

A

hemoglobin E

34
Q

an abnormal hemoglobin that occurs in some cases of
alpha thalassemia

A

hemoglobin hct

35
Q

Has a brownish to bluish color and does not revert to
red on exposure to oxygen.

A

methemoglobin

36
Q

Formed by the irreversible oxidation of Hb of certain drugs and
chemicals.

A

sulfhemoglobin

37
Q

examples of sulfhemoglobin

A

a. sulfonomides
b. phenacetin
c. acetanilide

38
Q

silent killer for its
colorless gas , odor and patient becomes easily
hypoxic

A

CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN

39
Q

qualitative screening test based on
specific gravity. The density of the
drop of blood is directly proportional to
the amount of hemoglobin it contains.

A

Copper Sulfate Specific Gravity

40
Q

principle of Copper Sulfate Specific Gravity

A

when
the drop of donor’s blood dropped into
copper sulfate solution becomes
encased in a sac of copper
proteinate

41
Q

ref range for male

A

3.5-18 g/dL

42
Q

ref range for femle

A

2-15 g/dL

43
Q

NTERFERING FACTORS

A

Hb is normally dec during
pregnancy
People living at high altitudes have
increased Hb values, as well as inc.
Hct and RBC.
* Excessive fluid intake cause a
decreased Hb.
* Normally , the Hb is higher in infants
* Drugs

44
Q
A

HEMA LEC MIDTERM (4 decks)

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