Hemodynamics and heart pressures Flashcards
RA
6/5/3
a/v/m
V-5- should be close to RA V 5
M-3- Should be close to RV edp (End-Diastolic Pressure)
a= a wave
v= v wave
m= mean
RV
25/0/4
S/bdp/edp
4- Should be close to RA edp
s= systolic pressure
bdp= beginning diastolic pressure
edp= end diastolic pressure
LA ((PWP) pulmonary wedge pressure))
10/13/8
a/v/m
M should be close to LV edp
V should be close to RA V
a= a wave
v= v wave
m= mean
LV
120/0/9
s/bdp/edp
120 is blood pressure going to aorta
9 should be close to LA m
s= systolic pressure
bdp= beginning diastolic pressure
edp= end diastolic pressure
PA
pulmonary artery- blood flow from RV
25/9/15
s/d/mpap
s= systolic pressure
d= diastolic
mpap= mean pulmonary artery pressure
AO
arota- blood flows from LV
120/80/93
S/D/MPAP???
s= systolic pressure
d= diastolic
map= mean arterial pressure (aortic)
hemodynamics
how blood flows through the heart. movement in flow. look at decreases or increases. or stopage of flow. imppeding flow.
internet- Hemodynamics is the study of how blood flows through the body’s blood vessels. It includes the physical laws that govern blood flow, and how the heart and blood vessels interact to supply the body’s organs and tissues with nutrients, oxygen, and other substances.
preload
sub catagory of hemodynamics
related to ventricular filling
Amount of ventricular stretching at the end of diastole….
effected by many things. compliace, contractility, venuous return, hearet rate
internet- Preload, also known as left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), is the amount of stretch in the heart’s muscle fibers at the end of diastole, or when the ventricles are filled with blood. It’s a key factor in determining how much blood the heart pumps out with each beat, or stroke volume.
Preload (pre-ventricle) and afterload (post ventricle)
afterload
sub catagory of hemodynamics
related to ventricular contraction.
how much resistance that the ventricular must overcome. The force and resistance to keep blood moving forward and flow into the aorta
internet- Afterload in the heart refers to the pressure that the heart must work against to eject blood during its contraction phase (systole), essentially representing the resistance the heart faces when pumping blood out into the circulatory system; a higher afterload means the heart has to work harder to push blood out
Preload (pre-ventricle) and afterload (post ventricle)
pressure gradient
difference in pressure … where thre shouldnt be.
internet- A “pressure gradient” in the heart refers to the difference in blood pressure between different chambers of the heart, essentially the force driving blood flow from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, allowing blood to circulate through the body; it’s created by the pumping action of the heart itself, generating a higher pressure in the ventricles compared to the atria, which then pushes blood out to the arteries
systole
contraction/ejecting
internet- Systole is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle contracts, forcing blood out of the heart and into the circulatory system
diastole
relaxation / filling
Internet- Diastole of the heart refers to the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle, where the heart chambers fill with blood after contracting during systole; essentially, it’s the period when the heart muscle relaxes and expands to refill with blood.
hypertrophy
increase in musle mass within heart. heart needing to work harder due to flow restrictions
Internet-Hypertrophy of the heart, also known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is a condition where the heart muscle thickens and becomes more muscular. This can make it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently.
dilation
what if retain volume? this is dialation expansion of the chamber cavity and decrease in muscle (thinning)
Internet-Heart dilation, also known as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), is a condition where the heart’s chambers enlarge and the heart muscle weakens. This makes it difficult for the heart to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body.
Generally the left atrium and can be due to mitral vavle regurgiation.
Dialation is the expansion or dialation of a cavity
V wave
In left atrial pressure measurement, the “V wave” refers to the peak pressure wave that occurs during ventricular systole, representing the passive filling of the left atrium against a closed mitral valve; a large V wave often indicates mitral regurgitation, where blood flows back into the atrium during ventricular contraction, causing a rapid rise in pressure.
Key points about the V wave:
Meaning:
It signifies the moment when the left atrium is filling with blood while the mitral valve is closed during ventricular contraction.
Interpretation:
A large V wave on a left atrial pressure tracing is often associated with mitral regurgitation, while a small or absent V wave can indicate a compliant left atrium.
Comparison with A wave:
The “A wave” on a left atrial pressure tracing represents the active contraction of the left atrium.
