Hemodynamic Disorders (Thrombosis/Emboli/Shock) 3 Flashcards
thrombosis vs embolic?
Thrombosis
what are the risk factors?
what is this called?
Triad part 1: endothelial activation
if damaged switches from what to what?
endothelial activation
prothrombotic: how?
Triad part 2: Alterations in blood flow
good type of flow?
bad?
how does this cause increased risk?
abnormal blood flow potentiates the triad how?
Triad part 2 alterations in blood flow
when/where would this occur? (5)
for the normal one what happens?
triad part 2: alterations in blood flow
dilated vessels. examples?
how do they affect?
alteration in blood flow
internal obstruction. example?
external interference/compression?
inadequate heart chamber function?
triad part 3: hypercoagulability
what 5 primary causes (deficiency or increases) lead to this?
hypercoagulability
secondary causes?
DVT
what is it? typical location?
risk factors? think about it
signs and symptoms? (3)
how would you check for one?
if a thrombus dislodges what do we get?
where will this go?
pulmonary embolus
what is it? usually comes from?
lodges where?
clinical outcomes of pulmonary embolism
depends on what factors?
3 types?
location of getting lodged?
symptoms?
Hypercoagulability
genetic? (3)
acquired? 7 for sure know what 2?
most common heritable hypercoagulopathy?
mechanism of action?
tested for how?
how to suspect primary hypercoagulable states
events? that happen under what conditions?
tests?
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
genetic or acquired?
caused by?
in what state? caused by formation of? in reaction to?
steps that lead to this? (4)
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
also called?
antibodies against what?
present with what complications? (where/with who)
another disease it can be present with?
fate of thrombi? (3)
how does the last step happen?
this can treat stroke under what conditions?
another fate of thrombi?
pathologic features of thromboembolic disease?
what is present? what does it look like? what does each represent?
what does this tell us?
postmortem clots
what do they look like?
do they contribute to death?
what is it?
Types of emboli
(5)
the common theme is that all of them do what?
Fat emboli
what is it made up of?
4 causes? 1 other cause?
air embolism
usually caused from? (broad)
one potential cause? (specific)
iatrogenic means caused by care provider
Air embolism
can also be seen in?
caused by?
Amniotic fluid embolism
special about this?
symptoms?
findings in vessels?
Septic emboli (know this one cold)
what is it?
may occur in what disease? how?
gross symptoms you can see? (3)
what increases risk of this?
infarcts
2 types as examples?
why giving tPA in a certain time period for stroke is important?
infarction
types of infarcts? (5)
factors influencing infarcts?
red versus white thrombus?
locations?
rich in?
occur under what stress?
locations?
example of one?
which is more likely for an infarct?
arterial thromboembolic disease leads to?
why?
white vs red infarcts.
what determines if which one occurs?
rate of occlusion (in regards to infarct)
if slow? if fast?
Shock
is caused by?
3 things that lead to this?
2 more from next slide?
neurogenic
anaphylactic
septic shock: how do we get from pathogens to decreased tissue oxygenation?
first step?
what is released?
activation of?
septic shock: how do we get from pathogens to decreased tissue oxygenation?
after inflammatory response?
3 things in 2 categories
know also why its happening
septic shock: how do we get from pathogens to decreased tissue oxygenation?
after endothelial damage?
(final result)
manifestations of hypoxic tissue injury
as shock progresses?
(5)
