Hemodyamics group 2 chap 18

Question 1

What is flow

Answer 1

the volume of blood moving during a particular time

Question 2

what is velocity

Answer 2

speed of fluid moving from one location to another

Question 3

what is velocity

Answer 3

speed of fluid moving from one location to another

Question 4

what flow is associated cardiac contraction

Answer 4

pulsatile

Question 5

what flow is associated with respiration

Answer 5

phasic flow

Question 6

what is the reynolds number for laminar flow

Answer 6

less than 1,500

Question 7

laminar flow is characterized by

Answer 7

layers of blood that travel at individual speeds

Question 8

laminar flow patterns are commonly found in

Answer 8

normal physiologic states

Question 9

plug flow occurs when

Answer 9

all of the layers and blood cells travel at the same velocity

Question 10

parabolic flow has a what shape?

Answer 10

BULLET
• most common flow type

Question 11

what flow is associated with pathology?

Answer 11

Turbulent flow

Question 12

velocity is the highest in ___ of the lumen

Answer 12

center

Question 13

in a vein that has a stenosis where is the pressure lowest

Answer 13

narrowest
and velocity is higher

Question 14

Where is the greatest resistance in a vessel with stenosis?

Answer 14

in stenosis

Question 15

Blood flow near the vessel wall has more or less resistance?

Answer 15

more

Question 16

a longer vessel has _ resistance and a shorter vessel has a _ resistance

Answer 16

higher, lower

Question 17

what is reynolds’s number for turbulent flow

Answer 17

greater than 2000

Question 18

in stenosis pressure _ and velocity _

Answer 18

decreases, increases

Question 19

what happens to the veins in the arms when you inhales vs. the veins in the legs?

Answer 19

In the arms, pressure increases
In the legs, pressure decreases

Question 20

What two factors determine kinetic energy?

Answer 20

An object’s mass and the speed at which it moves

Question 21

high blood pressure with no resistance has a high or low flow rate?

Answer 21

high

Question 22

How does blood flow in an energy gradient?

Answer 22

from areas of high energy to low energy

Question 23

normally what happens to venous flow in the legs during inspiration?

Answer 23

decreases

Question 24

What is energy gradient?

Answer 24

when blood moves from regions of higher energy to lower energy

Question 25

what will make resistance increase

Answer 25

vessel size, blood thickness and stenosis

Question 26

electrical resistance is reported in?

Answer 26

ohms

Question 27

What factor determines viscous energy blood loss?

Answer 27

Hematocrit

Question 28

Blood pressure increases and has no change in resistance. How is the flow rate?

Answer 28

fast

Question 29

Viscosity is measured in units of _.

Answer 29

Poise

Question 30

what is the bernoullis principle?

Answer 30

describes the relationship between velocity and pressure in a moving fluid

Question 31

in the circulatory system, the resistance vessels are called

Answer 31

arterioles

Question 32

As blood flows through the circulatory system, energy is lost in three ways:

Answer 32

Viscous loss, frictional loss, and inertial loss

Question 33

where does turbulence occur in a vessel with stenosis?

Answer 33

distol

Question 34

Blood closest to the wall has more or less resistance compared to blood in the center?

Answer 34

More

Question 35

How is flow volume increased?

Answer 35

An increase in pressure difference

Question 36

Do longer vessels increase or decrease resistance?

Answer 36

Increase

Question 37

What type of energy loss relates to the tendency of a fluid to resist changes in its velocity?

Answer 37

Inertia

Question 38

When an object must change directions or velocities, it:

Answer 38

Loses energy

Question 39

What are the three times that inertial energy loss occurs in the circulatory system?

Answer 39

Pulsatile flow, phasic flow, and velocity changes at a stenosis