Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SFM1 > Heme Onc > Flashcards

Heme Onc Flashcards

1
Q

affected cells: aml

A

myeloblasts t/f their daughters i.e. granulocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

isolated? hodgkin’s

A

usually, 1-2 nodes; in ic patients can be diffuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a sanctuary site and in which cancer is it especially relevant?

A

immunoprotected tissue e.g. cns or testis in which cancer hides out; A.L.L.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fast or slow? follicular lymphoma

A

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tx all

A

prolonged maintenance therapy on anti-lymphocytic drugs e.g. vinca, steroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

complications follicular lymphoma

A

slow, so time to develop anti-cancer but more so autoimmune disease e.g. autoimmune hemolytic anemia. (this is a complication in most indolent lymphomas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

histology burkitt’s

A

“starry sky”. dense B cells with some larger, whitish cells throughout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tx muliple myelomas

A

bisphosphonates, thalidomide, lenalidomide, emerging tx like anti-cd38 and car-t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mutation: polycythemia vera

A

usually jak2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which cancer/myeloprolif: bcr-abl

A

cml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tx: polycythemia vera

A

phlebotomy, iron deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

tx apml

A

atra (all-trans retinoic acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which cancer mediastinal mass?

A

most often Hodgkin’s, can be seen in others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

histology hodgkin’s

A

Reed-Sternberg cells, nodular sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A

hodgkin’s lymphoma; note nodular sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

myeloproliferative or cancer? cml

A

myeloproliferative; differentiation intact (can progress to acute blast crisis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

demographics aml

A

old ppl, male 2:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is bcr-abl

A

constitutively active tyrosine kinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

symptoms aml

A

anything d/t reduced granulocyte fx and proliferative takeover of bone marrow

neutropenia: infections
anemia: fatigue, pale complexion…
thrombocytopenia: bleeding
bone marrow problems: bone pain
hepatosplenomegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

cml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

multiple myeloma histology

A

“punched out” bone marrow (osteolysis) with many (>30%) clonal B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

multiple myeloma symptoms

A

pancytopenias (neutropenia, thrombopenia, anemia)

CRAB d/t bone resorption: high Calcium, Renal impairment, Aplastic anemia, Bone pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
A

aml or apml; note auer rod

24
Q

histology diffuse large B cell lymphoma

A

lymph node takeover by large, immature B cells (hence “diffuse” “large”)

25
Q
A

diffuse large b cell lymphoma; note dense (“diffuse”) infiltrate of large b cells (far-apart nuclei)

26
Q
A

hodgkin’s lymphoma; note reed-sternberg cell

27
Q

most likely cell to be affected in all

A

b cells

28
Q
A

polycythemia vera

29
Q

causes burkitt’s

A

ebv, almost always in ic patients b/c they are most susceptible to ebv and to immune evasion

30
Q

which cancer/myeloprolif: constant erythropoiesis

A

polycythemia vera

31
Q

what is M protein

A

clonal proteins found in multiple myeloma; usually igg (~50%), can be iga, light chain

m spike is diagnostic

32
Q

markers all

A

CD10+, other B cell markers, some T cell markers

33
Q

histology follicular lymphoma

A

dense, nodular (“follicular”) lymph nodes, tightly packed cells, memory b takeover

34
Q

cells affected: polycythemia vera

A

rbcs; others are unaffected

35
Q

mutation burkitt’s

A

translocation of cmyc to IgH region. igh is constitutively active in B cells so now cmyc survival signal is on.

36
Q

myeloproliferative or cancer? aml

A

cancer. differentiation, maturation, function very much not intact

37
Q
A

multiple myeloma; not always seen but charge on m proteins can make rbcs sticky, called rouleaux formation

38
Q

causes of polycythemia vera

A

primary: bad clone; secondary: hypoxia, high epo, etc

39
Q

cml drug

A

imatinib

40
Q

histology apml

A

even more likely to form auer rods and Azur granules than in general aml

41
Q
A

aml or apml

42
Q

which cancer: philadelphia chromosome

A

CML (and about 30% of adult ALL cases)

43
Q

histology aml

A

auer rods, azur granules, open chromatin

44
Q

fast or slow? burkitt’s

A

super duper fast. fastest of all neoplasms

45
Q

causes aml

A

key one are environmental toxins, e.g. occupational, chemo, radiation, esp. benzene, anything inducing dna breakage

46
Q
A

burkitt’s lymphoma; note “starry sky”

47
Q

sx apml

A

coagulopathy and hemorrhage (DIC)

48
Q
A

multiple myeloma; note “punched out” appearance

49
Q
A

follicular lymphoma; note nodules/follicles

50
Q
A

all

51
Q

mutations apml

A

t(15:17), t(11:17)

52
Q

affected cell follicular lymphoma

A

usually memory b

53
Q

hsct? cml

A

yes if imatinib fails

54
Q

most likely cell to be affected in childhood all

A

committed pre-b cell

55
Q

isolated? diffuse large B cell lymphoma

A

usually isolated, metastatic potential; name “diffuse” comes from lymph node appearance not metastasis

SFM1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions