Heme 1.5 Qualitative and Quantitative WBC Disorders Flashcards
- Which of the following is an unusual complication that may occur in infectious mononucleosis?
A. Splenic infarctions
B. Dactylitis
C. Hemolytic anemia
D. Giant PLTs
C. Hemolytic anemia
Occasionally patients with infectious mononucleosis develop a potent cold agglutinin with anti-I specificity. This cold autoantibody can cause strong hemolysis and hemolytic anemia.
- In a patient with HIV infection, one should expect to see:
A. Shift to the left in WBCs
B. Target cells
C. Reactive lymphocytes
D. Pelgeroid cells
C. Reactive lymphocytes
- Which inclusions may be seen in leukocytes?
A. Döhle bodies
B. Basophilic stippling
C. Malarial parasites
D. Howell–Jolly bodies
A. Döhle bodies
- Which of the following is contained in the primary granules of the neutrophil?
A. Lactoferrin
B. Myeloperoxidase
C. Histamine
D. Alkaline phosphatase
B. Myeloperoxidase
Myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and acid phosphatase are enzymes that are contained in the primary granules of neutrophils. The contents of secondary and tertiary granules include lactoferrin, collagenase, NADPH oxidase, and alkaline phosphatase.
- What is the typical reference range for relative lymphocyte percentage in the peripheral blood smear from a 1-year-old child?
A. 1%–6%
B. 27%–33%
C. 35%–58%
D. 50%–70%
D. 50%–70%
- Qualitative and quantitative neutrophil changes noted in response to infection include all of the following except:
A. Neutrophilia
B. Pelgeroid hyposegmentation
C. Toxic granulation
D. Vacuolization
B. Pelgeroid hyposegmentation
- Neutropenia is present in patients with which absolute neutrophil count?
A. Less than 1.5 × 10^9/L
B. Less than 5.0 × 10^9/L
C. Less than 10.0 × 10^9/L
D. Less than 15.0 × 10^9/L
A. Less than 1.5 × 10^9/L
- The morphological characteristic(s) associated with Chédiak–Higashi syndrome is (are):
A. Pale blue cytoplasmic inclusions
B. Giant lysosomal granules
C. Small, dark-staining granules and condensed nuclei
D. Nuclear hyposegmentation
B. Giant lysosomal granules
- The familial condition of Pelger–Huët anomaly is important to recognize because this disorder must be differentiated from:
A. Infectious mononucleosis
B. May–Hegglin anomaly
C. A shift-to-the-left increase in immature granulocytes
D. G6PD deficiency
C. A shift-to-the-left increase in immature granulocytes
- SITUATION: A differential shows reactive lymphocytes, and the physician suspects that a viral infection is the cause. What is the expected laboratory finding in a patient with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection?
A. Heterophile antibody: positive
B. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)–immunoglobulin M (IgM): positive
C. Direct antiglobulin test (DAT): positive
D. CMV–IgM: positive
D. CMV–IgM: positive
If both the heterophile antibody test and the EBV-IgM tests yield negative results in a patient with reactive lymphocytosis and a suspected viral infection, serum should be analyzed for IgM antibodies to CMV. CMV belongs to the herpes virus family and is endemic worldwide. CMV infection is the most common cause of heterophile-negative infectious mononucleosis.
- Neutrophil phagocytosis and particle ingestion are associated with an increase in O2 utilization called respiratory burst. What are the two most important products of this biochemical reaction?
A. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2–)
B. Lactoferrin and NADPH oxidase
C. Cytochrome b and collagenase
D. Alkaline phosphatase and ascorbic acid
A. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2–)
The biochemical products of the respiratory burst involved in neutrophil particle ingestion during phagocytosis are H2O2 and O2–. The activated neutrophil discharges the enzyme NADPH oxidase into the phagolysosome, where it converts O2 to O2–, which is then reduced to H2O2.
- Which of the morphological findings are characteristic of reactive lymphocytes?
A. High nuclear:cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio
B. Prominent nucleoli
C. Basophilic cytoplasm
D. All of these options
D. All of these options
