Hematuria

Question 1

Cual es la prevalencia de microhematuria asintomática?

Answer 1

4%-5%

Question 2

Cual es el significado de hematuria color rojo brillante, rosa o color ketchup en la macrohematuria?

Answer 2

Sangre arterial fresca

Question 3

Que significa el color rojo obscuro o bordeus en orina?

Answer 3

Sangre venosa

Question 4

De que color se ve la sangre vieja en orina?

Answer 4

Cafe obscuro o negra

Question 5

Significado de orina roja o negra

Answer 5

Rabdomiólisis, dado por mioglobinuria

Question 6

Significado de hemoglobinuria

Answer 6

hemolisis

Question 7

Cuales son las causas generales de hematuria de tracto urinario alto y bajo?

Answer 7

-Tumor
– Trauma
– Infection (viral, bacterial, schistosomiasis, tuberculosis)

Question 8

Causas de hematuria de origen glomerular

Answer 8

– IgAnephropathy (berger) 
– Thin basement membrane nephropathy
– Alport syndrome
– Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
– Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (IgM or C3) – Physical stress (transient) (por ejercicio físico) 
– Loin pain hematuria syndrome

Question 9

Causas de hematuria de origen Ureteral

Answer 9

– Estrechez ureterales

– Stone

Question 10

Causas no glomerulares de hematuria

Answer 10

– Papillary necrosis (por AINES)
– Renal infarction 
– Renal vein thrombosis
– Arteriovenous malformations/
fistulas
– Cystic renal disease
– Medullary sponge kidney 
– Nutcracker syndrome

Question 11

Como se hace el dx de microhematuria no glomerular?

Answer 11

(history, clinical examination, blood and renal function analysis, renal and bladder ultrasonography)

Question 12

Cuales son los factores de riesgo de mircrohematuria no glomerular?

Answer 12

1. Smoker
2. Older (>40 years)
3. Male sex
4. Repeated confirmed microhematuria
5. Dysuria/urgency
6. Chronic urinary tract infection
7. Chronic indwelling foreign body
   (e. g., permanent indwelling suprapubic catheter)
8. History of urological disease
   (e. g., tumor)
9. Pelvic irradiation
10. (Occupational) exposure to toxins (paints or chemicals, analgetic abuse, chemotherapy [e.g., alkylating agents], other known carcinogenic substances)

Question 13

A partir de cuantos eritrocitos por campos es considerado hematuria?

Answer 13

> 3 eritrocitos por campo