Hematology Lecture # 2

Question 1

this type of anemia results from a deficiency of iron

Answer 1

iron deficiency anemia

Question 2

Normocytic-Normochromic anemias are characterized by what ?

Answer 2

red blood cells that are relatively normal in size and hemoglobin content but insufficient in number

Question 3

Aplastic Anemia

Answer 3

bone marrow does not produce RBC

Question 4

Pancytopenia

Answer 4

deficiency of all three cellular components of the blood (red cells, white cells, and platelets).

Question 5

acquired hemolytic anemia

Answer 5

autoimmune destruction of red blood cells

Question 6

SCD

Answer 6

sickle cell disease

Question 7

What is sickle cell disease ?

Answer 7

Group of inherited, autosomal recessive disorders

includes sickle cell trait, sickle cell anemia, and sickle cell thalassemia

Question 8

sickle cell anemia leads to the pr_m__t__e destruction of _________

Answer 8

premature; red blood cells

Question 9

SCD is characterized by an abnormal form of

Answer 9

hemoglobin (Hgb)

Question 10

only available cure for SCD

Answer 10

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - this is a bone marrow transplant through transfusion of stem cells

• it is not always successful and is a treatment everyone can have

Question 11

only time we give erythropoietin as a treatment for SCD

Answer 11

anemia due to renal failure

Question 12

Neutropenia

Answer 12

An abnormally low count of a neutrophils

Question 13

Neutropenia assessment - watch for changes in

Answer 13

temperature especially.- we will look for subtle signs of infection

Question 14

if patient is neutropenic, we are especially concerned about

Answer 14

infections

Question 15

What are the different blood groups ?

Answer 15

A, B, AB, O

Question 16

What is most important aspect about giving blood?

Answer 16

Must be a match

Question 17

Which type of blood is the universal recipient ?

Answer 17

Type AB

Question 18

Which type of blood is the universal donor ?

Answer 18

Type O

Question 19

What is Rh?

Answer 19

Rhesus factor. This is an inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells. If your blood has the protein, you’re Rh positive. If your blood lacks the protein, you’re Rh negative.

Question 20

Those with blood type A will have what kind of antibodies ?

Answer 20

B antibodies

Question 21

Those with blood type O have what kind of antibodies ?

Answer 21

A and B antibodies

Question 22

If your red blood cells have the Rh factor, then you are

Answer 22

Rh positive

Question 23

If your red blood cells do not have the Rh factor then you are

Answer 23

Rh negative

Question 24

If you’re Rh negative and your baby is Rh positive, there’s a potential for your body to produce ___________-__that could be harmful during a subsequent pregnancy.

Answer 24

antibodies

Question 25

PRBC

Answer 25

Packed Red Blood cells - only red blood cells are transfused. Given to patients who are anemic, whose oxygen carrying capacity is low. Not given to a patient who is hypovolemic

Question 26

If you need to expand blood volume, you give

Answer 26

Normal saline , lactated Ringers

Question 27

FFP

Answer 27

Fresh Frozen Plasma

Question 28

What does Fresh Frozen Plasma provide ?

Answer 28

Clotting factors

Question 29

FFP is used in

Answer 29

DIC, massive bleeding, end-stage liver diseases, Vit K deficiency, Warfarin overdose, acute reversal of Warfarin anticoagulation

Question 30

Cryoprecipitate - | what does it contain?

Answer 30

concentrated source of certain plasma proteins prepared from FFP Contains clotting factors including fibrinogen

Question 31

Administration of blood is one of the most ___________ things we do in nursing

Answer 31

dangerous

Question 32

True or false. | The administration of blood and blood components can be delegated to unlicensed staff.

Answer 32

False Because administration of blood and blood components has such a high potential risk for serious adverse effects, it is NEVER DELEGATED to unlicensed staff

Question 33

The nurse needs to verify blood transfusion bags with another nurse. True or false

Answer 33

True. two nurses must read the numbers to each other

Question 34

everyone who gets a blood product needs a

Answer 34

consent

Question 35

who is responsible for obtaining informed consent from the patient, family, and/or guardian ?

Answer 35

The patients primary care provider

Question 36

prior to administering a transfusion, what is the RN responsible for ?

Answer 36

Making sure that informed consent is documented in the patients record

Question 37

before we start the blood transfusion, what do we need to do ?

Answer 37

Check patient ID and verify order check labels on blood bag and blood bank transfusion record check crossmatch record with 2 nurses: ABO group, Rh type, patients name, ID blood band, hospital #, expiration date

Question 38

transfusion reactions usually occur within

Answer 38

the first 10-15 minutes or first 50 ml of blood

Question 39

with all transfusion reactions, what should you do?

Answer 39

STOP BLOOD, maintain line with N.S.

Question 40

transfusion reactions can be

Answer 40

allergic, febrile, hemolytic