Blood Flashcards
What is hematocrit? Does it vary?
volume of RBC/ total volume
It is a ratio that tells the volume of red blood cells someone has relative to their total blood volume
Yes it does vary- as in polycythemia (high RBC count) and anemia (low rbc count)
This is the oxygen carrying protein of the erythrocyte?
Hemoglobin
What substance stimulates RBC maturation in bone ?
Erythropoietin
What is fibrinolysis ?
Clot dissolution
Coagulation Cascade is also known as the
clotting cascade
A platelet plug is formed when ?
When there is damage to the vasculature
The production of platelets is controlled by ……..
thrombomodulin
How long do platelets live ?
About one week
Where are platelets produced ?
Produced in liver, kidney, bone marrow, smooth muscle
Circulate in a quiescent state - what does this mean?
That platelets circulate in the blood in an inactivated state . They become activated when there is damage to the vasculature
Platelets have an outer layer of
glycoproteins
What kind of substances do the granules of platelets store and secrete?
Delta granules store and secrete numerous substances including ADP, Ca2+, TXA2, histamine, serotonin
Alfa granules contain fibrinogen, Factors V and VIII, growth factors, plasminogen
The coagulation system consists of plasma proteins that are present in the blood in what kind of form ?
In an inactive form
In the coagulation system, the activation of one factor, or protein, activates the next one in line in a ___________ effect.
What does it ensure ?
cascade
This process ensures that we do not have an activation of the cascade by chance
Most of the coagulation system proteins are produced where ?
In the liver
True or false….. there are natural anticoagulation factors within the body in order to prevent the clotting cascade from activating when it shouldn’t
true.
natural anticoagulation factors:
Endothelium produces ________ which convert plasminogen to plasmin that breaks down the fibrin
tPA
Which substance converts plasminogen to plasmin?
tPA
Natural Anticoagulation factors: ___________ III with heparin as a cofactor degrades thrombin, FIXa, FXa, FXIa, and FXIIa
Antithrombin
Natural Anticoagulation factors: _____________ in tandem with thrombin activate protein C, (a major anticoagulant), which degrades factors Va and VIIIa
Thrombomodulin
Natural Anticoagulation Factors :
PgI2 and NO are potent vasodilators and inhibit _____________ activation and _________
platelet; aggregation
Natural Anticoagulation Factors:
_____________ prevents plt. from coming in contact with subendothelial collagen tissue and activating the cascade system
Endothelium - the blood vessel itself made up of tightly packed endothelial cells
What are the phases of hemostasis ?
Subendothelial Exposure Adhesion Activation Aggregation Platelet plug formation Clot retraction and clot dissolution
Adhesion phase of hemostasis requires ____________ factor to start plugging the breach and to activate other platelets
von Willebrand
