hematology intro

Question 1

EDTA-purple/lavendar top

Answer 1

Chelates calcium
Mammal cbcs
Best preservation of cell detail

Question 2

Sodium heparin

green top

Answer 2

Binds and potentiates AT-III
Used for reptile and bird CBCs
Less optimal staining

Question 3

Citrate-light blue top

Answer 3

Binds calcium-more reversible than EDTA
Used for coagulation

Question 4

handling samples

Answer 4

Mix by gently invert
Make 1-2 blood smears immediately
If sending to reference lab, fresh or anti coagulated blood
Dry blood smear rapidly
Leave one slide unstained

Question 5

Romanowsky stain

Answer 5

Diff quik, wright-giemsa
Alcohol based

Question 6

acidic components

Answer 6

RNA

blue

Question 7

Basic components

Answer 7

Basic
Stain pink
Hgb, proteins,eos granules

Question 8

Metachromatic

Answer 8

Purple
DNA, plt, mast cell granules

Question 9

New methylene blue

Answer 9

Does not fix cells
Water based
Stain not permanent
Evaluation of reticulop yetis, Heinz bodies, mast cell granules, fungal organisms

Question 10

Measures of RBC mass

Answer 10

HCT, RBC count , Hgb conc

Question 11

Decreased RBC mass

Answer 11

anemia

Question 12

Increased RBC mass

Answer 12

Erythrycytosis/polycythemia

Question 13

Hgb concentration

Answer 13

Measured spectrophotometrically and directly, very accurate
Artifacts: Heinz bodies, hemolysis, lipemia- increase Hgb

Question 14

MCV

Answer 14

Mean cell volume
Description of RBC size with or without anemia
Helps prioritize cause of anemia
Measured by analyzer

Question 15

Increase mcv

Answer 15

macrocytic

Question 16

Decreased MCV

Answer 16

microcytic

Question 17

MCHC

Answer 17

Mean cell hemoglobin concentration
Calculated from HCT, RBC count, and HGb conc
Indicate cell color

Question 18

Decreasde mchc

Answer 18

too little Hgb
hypochromic

Question 19

Increased mchc

Answer 19

hyperchromic
always an artifact

Question 20

Normal mchc

Answer 20

normochromic

Question 21

RDW

Answer 21

Red cell distribution width
Variability of RBC size
Increased with microcytosis and macrocytosis
Measured
Early I dictator of regeneration esp eq

Question 22

Reticulocyte count

Answer 22

Immature RBC, released early from BM in response to anemia
Equivalent to poly
Indictator of BM erythroid regeneration

Question 23

Leukogram

Answer 23

WBC count
Differential
Morphology

Question 24

Total WBC count

Answer 24

Measured
Artifacts: WBC clumping/lysis, Nucleated RBC

Question 25

Differential WBC count

Answer 25

100-200 WBC counted
Use absolute numbers instead of percentages

Question 26

Platelet count

Answer 26

Automated count-10% error
Cats, cows, pigs, and mice-platelet clumping-decrease platelet count
Difficult blood draw -small clots from release of tissue factor-decrease platelet count
EDTA induced platelet clumping in horses
Cats variable size platelets-May be confused with RBC

Question 27

Mean platelet volume

Answer 27

Large platelets are released from BM during responsive thrombopoiesis

Question 28

Plateletcrit PCT

Answer 28

% blood volume taken up by platelets
Calculated
Assessment of circulating platelet mass

Question 29

Plasma protein and fibrinogen

Answer 29

Cell free component of blood
Contains abundant proteins plus other things
Normally clear to light yellow
Refractometry
Fibrinogen-measure of infl-LA
Decreased fibrinogen-DIC