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BIOMEDICINE > HEMATOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY INFECTIOUS DISEASES > Flashcards

HEMATOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY INFECTIOUS DISEASES Flashcards

1
Q

OF THE FOLLOWING THIS IS THE ONLY COMPLETE BLOOD CELL

A

LYMPHOCYTES

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2
Q

A 44 Y/O FEMALE HAS IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA. WHAT ARE HER SYMPTOMS?

A

PETECHIA AND MUCOSAL BLEEDING

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3
Q

A 44 Y/O FEMALE HAS IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA. WHAT WILL THE LAB FINDINGS REVEAL?

A

DECREASED PLATELET COUNT

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4
Q

THE WASTE PRODUCT BILIRUBIN IS PRODUCED FROM

A

PORTIONS OF HEME MOLECULES THAT DONT CONTAIN IRON

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5
Q

ERYTHROPOIESIS INCREASES WHEN

A

OXYGEN LEVELS IN THE BLOOD DECREASE

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6
Q

MOST OF THE IRON THAT IS REMOVED FROM DEGRADED HEMOGLOBIN IS

A

RECYCLED TO THE BONE MARROW

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7
Q

THE FUNCTION OF RBC’S IS TO

A

CARRY OXYGEN FROM THE LUNGS TO THE BODYS CELLS

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8
Q

RBC PRODUCTION IS REGULATED BY THE HORMONE

A

ERYTHROPOIETIN

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9
Q

THE COMBINATION OF PLASMA AND FORMED ELEMENTS IS CALLED

A

WHOLE BLOOD

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10
Q

SERUM IS

A

PLASMA MINUS THE FIBRINOGEN

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11
Q

THE FORMED ELEMENTS OF BLOOD INCLUDE

A

BLOOD CELLS

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12
Q

OVER 95% OF THE PROTEIN IN A RED CELL IS

A

HEMOGLOBIN

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13
Q

THE PERCENTAGE OF WHOLE BLOOD OCCUPIED BY ERYTHROCYTES IS THE

A

HEMATOCRIT

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14
Q

THE FXN OF HEMOGLOBIN IS TO

A

CARRY OXYGEN

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15
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS CONCERNING RBC’S IS FALSE?

A

RBC’S HAVE A LARGE NUCLEUS

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16
Q

PLASMA PROTEINS THAT ARE NECESSARY FOR BLOOD CLOTTING ARE THE

A

FIBRINOGENS

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17
Q

AGED AND DAMAGED ERYTHROCYTES ARE BROKEN DOWN BY THE

A

SPLEEN

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18
Q

PLATELETS FXN IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT

A

DISSOLVING A FORMED CLOT

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19
Q

PLATELETS ARE

A

FRAGMENTS OF LARGE MEGAKARYOCYTE CELLS

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20
Q

MOST OF THE PROCOAGULANTS THAT ARE REQUIRED FOR CLOTTING ARE SYNTHESIZED BY

A

THE LIVER

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21
Q

THE PROCESS OF FIBRINOLYSIS

A

DISSOLVES CLOTS

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22
Q

WHICH VITAMIN IS NEEDED FOR THE FORMATION OF CLOTTING

A

VITAMIN K

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23
Q

WHICH DESTROYS BACTERIA THROUGH PHAGOCYTOSIS

A

NEUTROPHILS

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24
Q

THE PIGMENT IN RBC’S THAT CARRIES OXYGEN IS

A

HEMOGLOBIN

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25
Q

WHICH OPPOSES THE EFFECT OF HISTAMINE IN ALLERGIC RESPONSES AND PHAGOCYTIZES ANTIGEN ANTIBODY STRUCTURES, AND KILLS SOME TYPES OF PARASITIC WORMS?

A

EOSINOPHILS

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26
Q

A PERSON’S BLOOD TYPE IS DETERMINED BY THE

A

PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SPECIFIC MOLECULES ON THE CELL MEMBRANCE

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27
Q

WHICH CONTAINS HEMOGLOBIN AND TRANSPORTS OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE?

A

EYTHROCYTE

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28
Q

WHAT IS A BLOOD CLOT TRANSPORTED BY THE BLOOD STREAM?

A

EMBOLUS

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29
Q

WBC’S THAT RELEASE HISTAMINE AT THE SIDE OF AN INJURY ARE

A

BASOPHILS

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30
Q

WHICH FXN IN HEMOSTASIS AND RELEASES CHEMICALS TO ENHANCE VASCULAR SPASM?

A

PLATELETS

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31
Q

WHICH WBC’S ARE IMPORTANT IN PRODUCING ANTIBODIES?

A

LYMPHOCYTES

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32
Q

WHAT TESTS ARE USED TO MONITOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IRON THERAPY?

A

HEMOGLOBIN AND RETICULOCYTE LEVELS

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33
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IRON RELATED BLOOD TESTS IS THE MOST ACCURATE INDICATOR OF IRON XU ?

A

FERRITIN

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34
Q

A 22 Y/O MAN HAS BEEN DIAGNOSED WITH HODGKINS LYMPHOMA. WHAT WAS USED TO CONFIRM THE DIAGNOSIS?

A

LYMPH NODE BIOPSY

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35
Q

A 45 Y/O WOMAN HAS CHRONIC AND SEVERE IRON XU ANEMIA. WHAT LAB TESTS WERE CONDUCTED?

A

CBC, SERUM IRON AND IRON BINDING CAPACITY, SERUM FERRITIN

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36
Q

A 65 Y/O MAN HAS PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. WHAT DID LAB TESTS SHOW?

A

PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR SHOWING MACROCYTIC RBC’S

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37
Q

A 65 Y/O MAN HAS PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. WHAT ARE HIS SYMPTOMS?

A

WEAKNESS, SORE TONGUE, NUMBNESS AND TINGLING IN THE EXTREMITIES

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38
Q

A 65 Y/O MAN HAS PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. WHAT IS THE TREATMENT?

A

VITAMIN B12, FOLIC ACID

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39
Q

WHICH ANEMIA IS CAUSED BY FAILURE OF THE BONE MARROW TO PRODUCE NEW BLOOD CELLS?

A

APLASTIC

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40
Q

HEREDITARY XU OF COAGULATION IS REFERRED TO AS

A

HEMOPHILIA (BLOOD CANT CLOT PROPERLY)

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41
Q

STOPPAGE OF BLEEDING IS CALLED

A

HEMOSTASIS

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42
Q

AN INCREASE IN THE # OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS IS CALLED

A

LEUKOCYTOSIS

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43
Q

THE RBC INDICES PROVIDES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION ABOUT RBC’S EXCEPT?

A

SHAPE OF RBC’S

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44
Q

IN THE RBC INDICES TEST, IRON XU ANEMIA WHICH HAS BEEN DETECTED LATE IS CHARACTERIZED BY RBCS WHICH ARE

A

SMALLER THAN NORMAL

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45
Q

IN THE RBC INDICES TEST, VITAMIN B12 AND FOLIC ACID XU ANEMIAS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY RBCS WHICH ARE

A

LARGER THAN NORMAL

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46
Q

THE RBC COUNT, HEMATOCRIT, AND HEMOGLOBIN TESTS ARE INTEGRAL IN EVALUATING ANEMIC PATIENTS AND

A

PATIENTS WITH ONGOING BLEEDING PROBLEMS

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47
Q

THE RBC INDICES TEST IS USEFUL IN CLASSIFYING

A

ANEMIAS

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48
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED WBC COUNT?

A

BONE MARROW FAILURE

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49
Q

WBC COUNT IS ESPECIALLY HELPFUL IN DIRECTLY EVALUATING ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT

A

ANEMIA

50
Q

THE RBC COUNT BLOOD TEST IS RELATED TO THE HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD TEST AND

A

THE HEMATOCRIT BLOOD TEST

51
Q

A HIGH WBC COUNT INDICATES

A

INFECTION

52
Q

THE CBC DOES NOT INCLUDE

A

BLOOD SMEAR COUNT

53
Q

NEUTROPHILS ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?

A

BACTERIAL

54
Q

LYMPHOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?

A

VIRAL

55
Q

MONOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?

A

INGEST PATHOGENS VIA PHAGOCYTOSIS

56
Q

EOSINOPHILS ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?

A

PARASITIC INFECTIONS AS WORMS OR PROTOZOA

57
Q

IgE FOR WHAT ?

A

EOSINOPHILS AND BASOPHILS

58
Q

BASOPHILS CONTAIN WHAT?

A

HISTAMINE

59
Q

UNIVERSAL RECEPTOR?

A

AB

60
Q

UNIVERSAL DONOR?

A

O

61
Q

WITH CRITICALLY LOW HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS, PATIENTS ARE AT A GREAT RISK FOR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT?

A

DIABETES

62
Q

A LOW RBC COUNT INDICATES?

A

ANEMIA

63
Q

THE PLATELET COUNT IS ROUTINELY PERFORMED ON PATIENTS WITH?

A

BLEEDING PROBLEMS

64
Q

THE RETICULOCYTE COUNT BLOOD TEST EVALUATES WHAT?

A

EVALUATES RBC PRODUCTION BY THE BONE MARROW

65
Q

ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE IS UTILIZED TO TRACK?

A

INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES

66
Q

LOW BLOOD CHLORIDE LEELS ARE SEEN IN?

A

PROLONGED VOMITING OR DIARRHEA

67
Q

THE DRUG WARFARIN WORKS BY?

A

SLOWING CLOTTING TIME

68
Q

THE GENERIC NAME FOR ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS ALL END WITH?

A

-PARIN

69
Q

PLASMA PROTEINS THAT ARE IMPORTANT IN THE BODY DEFENSE ARE THE ?

A

IMMUNOGLOBINS

70
Q

CD4 HELPER CELLS AND CD8 SUPPRESSOR CELLS ARE EXAMPLES OF ?

A

T LYMPHOCYTES FROM THE THYMUS

71
Q

THE WINDOW PERIOD IN AIDS LASTS?

A

USUALLY 2-12 WEEKS BUT POSSIBLY AS LONG AS 6 MONTHS

72
Q

WHAT CD4 CELL COUNT IS INDICATIVE THAT AN HIV INFECTED PERSON WILL DEVELOP AIDS?

A

<200 CELLS/MM3

73
Q

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE?

A

OSTEOARTHRITIS

74
Q

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

A

HAVE TO BE REPORTED TO THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT

75
Q

ONE OF THE MOST COMMON FIRST SIGNS OF INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS IS ?

A

SEVERE SORE THROAT

76
Q

WHICH TYPE OF LEUKEMIA?

ALL AGES <6 MONTHS
SUDDEN ONSET
PROM. ANEMIA
CHEMO, RADIATION, STEM CELLS

A

ACUTE

77
Q

WHAT TYPE OF LEUKEMIA?

ADULTS
INSIDIOUS
MILD ANEMIA
CHEMO
PROM. FEVER
A

CHRONIC

78
Q

HODGKINS OR NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA?

YOUNG ADULT AND >55 Y/O
CONTAGIOUS
ASSOCIATED WITH EBV
WEIGHT LOSS &amp; FATIGUE
LOW GRADE FEVER &amp; NIGHT SWEATS
ITCHING
Reed-Sternberg cells IN LAB
A

HODGKINS

79
Q

HODGKINS OR NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA?

PEAK AGE IS 20-24
NON-CONTAGIOUS
ASSOCIATED WITH AUTOIMMUNE OR HIV
NIGHT SWEAT &amp; FEVER
NONPAINFUL
ANEMIA
UNRESPONSIVE TO ANTIBIOTICS
A

NON HODGKINS

80
Q

DO LEUKEMIA PATIENTS BRUISE EASILY?

A

YES

81
Q

DO HODGKINS OR NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA HAVE CHEST PAIN?

A

YES

82
Q

DO LEUKEMIA PATIENTS HAVE INCREASED BODY INFECTIONS?

A

YES

83
Q

WHAT DOES A HIGH HEMATOCRIT MEAN?

A

DEHYDRATION

84
Q

WHAT DOES A LOW HEMATOCRIT MEAN?

A

XS DESTRUCTION OF RBS OR BLOOD LOSS

85
Q

WHAT DOES THE MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME MEASURE?

A

THE AVERAGE SIZE OF RBC

86
Q

MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN MEASURES?

A

AMOUNT OF HEMOGLOBIN IN RBC

87
Q

MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION MEASURES?

A

CONCENTRATION OF HGB IN RBC

88
Q

IS THE BLOOD SMEAR COUNT A TEST FOR SHAPE?

A

YES

89
Q

PHILIA IS ?

A

HIGH WBCS

90
Q

PENIA IS?

A

LOW WBCS

91
Q

WHAT IS CRP?

A

ACUTE, CAN DETECT AFTER 24 HOURS

92
Q

WHAT IS ESR?

A

CHRONIC, CAN DETECT AFTER ALL THE TIME (3 MONTHS)

93
Q

NAME TWO ANTICOAGULANTS AND THEIR SIDE EFFECTS?

A

WARFARIN AND HEPARIN

BLEEDING

94
Q

T/F

WARFARIN CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA THUS CONTRA. IN PREGNANCY

A

TRUE

95
Q

NAME AN ANTI-PLATELET DRUG AND SIDE EFFECT?

A

ASPIRIN

GASTRIC ULCERS, BLEEDING, REYES SYNDROME

96
Q

T/F

ANTIBODIES/IMMUNOGLOBULINS MADE BY PLASMA CELLS, DERIVED FROM B LYMPHOCYTES?

A

TRUE

97
Q

T/F

THERE ARE 5 DIFF. ANTIBODIES

A

TRUE

98
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST ABUNDANT ANTIBODY?

A

IgG

99
Q

WHAT ANTIBODY CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA?

A

IgG

100
Q

WHAT ANTIBODY IF FOUND IN SECRETIONS; SALIVA, TEARS, BREAST MILK

A

IgA

101
Q

WHAT ANTIBODY IS A SECONDARY RESPONSE ?

A

IgG

102
Q

WHAT ANTIBODY IS A PRIMARY RESPONSE?

A

IgM

103
Q

SHAPE OF THE IgM ANTIBODY?

A

PENTAMER, BINDS TO 10 ANTIGENS

104
Q

WHAT ANTIBODY BINDS MAST CELLS AND BASOPHILS?

A

IgE

105
Q

T/F

AUTOIMMUNITY IS AN IMMUNE REACTION AGAINST SELF MOLECULES

A

TRUE

106
Q

WHAT IS A CLASS OF NON SELF MOLECULES?

A

ANTIGENS

107
Q

WHAT IS THE 1ST, 2ND AND 3RD LINE OF DEFENSE?

A

BLOCK ENTRY, FIGHT LOCAL INFECTIONS AND COMBAT MAJOR INFECTIONS

108
Q

WHAT IS THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE?

A

NON SPECIFIC BARRIERS

SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, NASAL HAIRS, CILIA, VAGINAL SECRETIONS, URINE, FLORA, TEARS, SALIVA, SWEAT, EAR WAX

109
Q

WHAT IS THE SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE?

A

FIGHT LOCAL INFECTIONS W/ INFLAMMATION PROCESS

PHAGOCYTOSIS

110
Q

WHAT IS THE THIRD LINE OF DEFENSE?

A

TAKES LONGER TO REACT
WORKS ON SPECIFIC INVADERS
WHOLE BODY PROTECTION

111
Q

BASIC AIDS-HIV INFO

A
  • EARLY STAGES PATIENT CAN DEVELOP FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS
    -MONITOR CD4 EVERY SIX MONTHS FOR HIV PATIENTS
    >200 CELLS/MM3
112
Q

WHAT ARE SOME OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS TO AIDS?

A 
HPV
SALMONELLA
SCABIES
HERPES
MENINGITIS
CANDIDIASIS
STAPHYL.
113
Q

MRSA SHORT FOR?

A

METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

114
Q

WHAT IS IMPETIGO?

A

CONTAGIOUS SUPERFICIAL INFECTION OF THE SKIN; AFFECTING EPIDERMIS

115
Q

MENINGITIS SYMPTOMS

A

HIGH FEVER, NECK STIFFNESS AND HA

116
Q

CAUSE FOR MENINGITIS?

A

GROUP B STREP AND E COLI IN NEWBORNS

117
Q

MONONUCLEOSIS CAUSED BY WHAT?

A

EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS

118
Q

CONJUNCTIVITIS / PINK EYE DUE TO ?

A

CAUSE IS ADENOVIRUS

119
Q

CHILDHOOD CONDITIONS?

“MMR”

A

MEASLES, MUMPS AND RUBELLA

120
Q

T/F

MUMPS MAY CAUSE INFERTILITY

A

TRUE

121
Q

WHAT IS PERTUSSIS?

A

HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS WHOOPING COUGH

122
Q

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS?

A

STIFFNESS AND WARM SWOLLEN JOINTS, MORNING STIFFNESS, AFFECTS JOINTS SYMMETRICALLY

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