HEMATOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY INFECTIOUS DISEASES Flashcards
1
Q
OF THE FOLLOWING THIS IS THE ONLY COMPLETE BLOOD CELL
A
LYMPHOCYTES
2
Q
A 44 Y/O FEMALE HAS IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA. WHAT ARE HER SYMPTOMS?
A
PETECHIA AND MUCOSAL BLEEDING
3
Q
A 44 Y/O FEMALE HAS IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA. WHAT WILL THE LAB FINDINGS REVEAL?
A
DECREASED PLATELET COUNT
4
Q
THE WASTE PRODUCT BILIRUBIN IS PRODUCED FROM
A
PORTIONS OF HEME MOLECULES THAT DONT CONTAIN IRON
5
Q
ERYTHROPOIESIS INCREASES WHEN
A
OXYGEN LEVELS IN THE BLOOD DECREASE
6
Q
MOST OF THE IRON THAT IS REMOVED FROM DEGRADED HEMOGLOBIN IS
A
RECYCLED TO THE BONE MARROW
7
Q
THE FUNCTION OF RBC’S IS TO
A
CARRY OXYGEN FROM THE LUNGS TO THE BODYS CELLS
8
Q
RBC PRODUCTION IS REGULATED BY THE HORMONE
A
ERYTHROPOIETIN
9
Q
THE COMBINATION OF PLASMA AND FORMED ELEMENTS IS CALLED
A
WHOLE BLOOD
10
Q
SERUM IS
A
PLASMA MINUS THE FIBRINOGEN
11
Q
THE FORMED ELEMENTS OF BLOOD INCLUDE
A
BLOOD CELLS
12
Q
OVER 95% OF THE PROTEIN IN A RED CELL IS
A
HEMOGLOBIN
13
Q
THE PERCENTAGE OF WHOLE BLOOD OCCUPIED BY ERYTHROCYTES IS THE
A
HEMATOCRIT
14
Q
THE FXN OF HEMOGLOBIN IS TO
A
CARRY OXYGEN
15
Q
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS CONCERNING RBC’S IS FALSE?
A
RBC’S HAVE A LARGE NUCLEUS
16
Q
PLASMA PROTEINS THAT ARE NECESSARY FOR BLOOD CLOTTING ARE THE
A
FIBRINOGENS
17
Q
AGED AND DAMAGED ERYTHROCYTES ARE BROKEN DOWN BY THE
A
SPLEEN
18
Q
PLATELETS FXN IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT
A
DISSOLVING A FORMED CLOT
19
Q
PLATELETS ARE
A
FRAGMENTS OF LARGE MEGAKARYOCYTE CELLS
20
Q
MOST OF THE PROCOAGULANTS THAT ARE REQUIRED FOR CLOTTING ARE SYNTHESIZED BY
A
THE LIVER
21
Q
THE PROCESS OF FIBRINOLYSIS
A
DISSOLVES CLOTS
22
Q
WHICH VITAMIN IS NEEDED FOR THE FORMATION OF CLOTTING
A
VITAMIN K
23
Q
WHICH DESTROYS BACTERIA THROUGH PHAGOCYTOSIS
A
NEUTROPHILS
24
Q
THE PIGMENT IN RBC’S THAT CARRIES OXYGEN IS
A
HEMOGLOBIN
25
WHICH OPPOSES THE EFFECT OF HISTAMINE IN ALLERGIC RESPONSES AND PHAGOCYTIZES ANTIGEN ANTIBODY STRUCTURES, AND KILLS SOME TYPES OF PARASITIC WORMS?
EOSINOPHILS
26
A PERSON'S BLOOD TYPE IS DETERMINED BY THE
PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SPECIFIC MOLECULES ON THE CELL MEMBRANCE
27
WHICH CONTAINS HEMOGLOBIN AND TRANSPORTS OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE?
EYTHROCYTE
28
WHAT IS A BLOOD CLOT TRANSPORTED BY THE BLOOD STREAM?
EMBOLUS
29
WBC'S THAT RELEASE HISTAMINE AT THE SIDE OF AN INJURY ARE
BASOPHILS
30
WHICH FXN IN HEMOSTASIS AND RELEASES CHEMICALS TO ENHANCE VASCULAR SPASM?
PLATELETS
31
WHICH WBC'S ARE IMPORTANT IN PRODUCING ANTIBODIES?
LYMPHOCYTES
32
WHAT TESTS ARE USED TO MONITOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IRON THERAPY?
HEMOGLOBIN AND RETICULOCYTE LEVELS
33
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IRON RELATED BLOOD TESTS IS THE MOST ACCURATE INDICATOR OF IRON XU ?
FERRITIN
34
A 22 Y/O MAN HAS BEEN DIAGNOSED WITH HODGKINS LYMPHOMA. WHAT WAS USED TO CONFIRM THE DIAGNOSIS?
LYMPH NODE BIOPSY
35
A 45 Y/O WOMAN HAS CHRONIC AND SEVERE IRON XU ANEMIA. WHAT LAB TESTS WERE CONDUCTED?
CBC, SERUM IRON AND IRON BINDING CAPACITY, SERUM FERRITIN
36
A 65 Y/O MAN HAS PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. WHAT DID LAB TESTS SHOW?
PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR SHOWING MACROCYTIC RBC'S
37
A 65 Y/O MAN HAS PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. WHAT ARE HIS SYMPTOMS?
WEAKNESS, SORE TONGUE, NUMBNESS AND TINGLING IN THE EXTREMITIES
38
A 65 Y/O MAN HAS PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. WHAT IS THE TREATMENT?
VITAMIN B12, FOLIC ACID
39
WHICH ANEMIA IS CAUSED BY FAILURE OF THE BONE MARROW TO PRODUCE NEW BLOOD CELLS?
APLASTIC
40
HEREDITARY XU OF COAGULATION IS REFERRED TO AS
HEMOPHILIA (BLOOD CANT CLOT PROPERLY)
41
STOPPAGE OF BLEEDING IS CALLED
HEMOSTASIS
42
AN INCREASE IN THE # OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS IS CALLED
LEUKOCYTOSIS
43
THE RBC INDICES PROVIDES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION ABOUT RBC'S EXCEPT?
SHAPE OF RBC'S
44
IN THE RBC INDICES TEST, IRON XU ANEMIA WHICH HAS BEEN DETECTED LATE IS CHARACTERIZED BY RBCS WHICH ARE
SMALLER THAN NORMAL
45
IN THE RBC INDICES TEST, VITAMIN B12 AND FOLIC ACID XU ANEMIAS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY RBCS WHICH ARE
LARGER THAN NORMAL
46
THE RBC COUNT, HEMATOCRIT, AND HEMOGLOBIN TESTS ARE INTEGRAL IN EVALUATING ANEMIC PATIENTS AND
PATIENTS WITH ONGOING BLEEDING PROBLEMS
47
THE RBC INDICES TEST IS USEFUL IN CLASSIFYING
ANEMIAS
48
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED WBC COUNT?
BONE MARROW FAILURE
49
WBC COUNT IS ESPECIALLY HELPFUL IN DIRECTLY EVALUATING ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT
ANEMIA
50
THE RBC COUNT BLOOD TEST IS RELATED TO THE HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD TEST AND
THE HEMATOCRIT BLOOD TEST
51
A HIGH WBC COUNT INDICATES
INFECTION
52
THE CBC DOES NOT INCLUDE
BLOOD SMEAR COUNT
53
NEUTROPHILS ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?
BACTERIAL
54
LYMPHOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?
VIRAL
55
MONOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?
INGEST PATHOGENS VIA PHAGOCYTOSIS
56
EOSINOPHILS ASSOCIATED WITH WHAT INFECTION?
PARASITIC INFECTIONS AS WORMS OR PROTOZOA
57
IgE FOR WHAT ?
EOSINOPHILS AND BASOPHILS
58
BASOPHILS CONTAIN WHAT?
HISTAMINE
59
UNIVERSAL RECEPTOR?
AB
60
UNIVERSAL DONOR?
O
61
WITH CRITICALLY LOW HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS, PATIENTS ARE AT A GREAT RISK FOR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT?
DIABETES
62
A LOW RBC COUNT INDICATES?
ANEMIA
63
THE PLATELET COUNT IS ROUTINELY PERFORMED ON PATIENTS WITH?
BLEEDING PROBLEMS
64
THE RETICULOCYTE COUNT BLOOD TEST EVALUATES WHAT?
EVALUATES RBC PRODUCTION BY THE BONE MARROW
65
ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE IS UTILIZED TO TRACK?
INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES
66
LOW BLOOD CHLORIDE LEELS ARE SEEN IN?
PROLONGED VOMITING OR DIARRHEA
67
THE DRUG WARFARIN WORKS BY?
SLOWING CLOTTING TIME
68
THE GENERIC NAME FOR ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS ALL END WITH?
-PARIN
69
PLASMA PROTEINS THAT ARE IMPORTANT IN THE BODY DEFENSE ARE THE ?
IMMUNOGLOBINS
70
CD4 HELPER CELLS AND CD8 SUPPRESSOR CELLS ARE EXAMPLES OF ?
T LYMPHOCYTES FROM THE THYMUS
71
THE WINDOW PERIOD IN AIDS LASTS?
USUALLY 2-12 WEEKS BUT POSSIBLY AS LONG AS 6 MONTHS
72
WHAT CD4 CELL COUNT IS INDICATIVE THAT AN HIV INFECTED PERSON WILL DEVELOP AIDS?
<200 CELLS/MM3
73
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE?
OSTEOARTHRITIS
74
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
HAVE TO BE REPORTED TO THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT
75
ONE OF THE MOST COMMON FIRST SIGNS OF INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS IS ?
SEVERE SORE THROAT
76
WHICH TYPE OF LEUKEMIA?
ALL AGES <6 MONTHS
SUDDEN ONSET
PROM. ANEMIA
CHEMO, RADIATION, STEM CELLS
ACUTE
77
WHAT TYPE OF LEUKEMIA?
```
ADULTS
INSIDIOUS
MILD ANEMIA
CHEMO
PROM. FEVER
```
CHRONIC
78
HODGKINS OR NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA?
```
YOUNG ADULT AND >55 Y/O
CONTAGIOUS
ASSOCIATED WITH EBV
WEIGHT LOSS & FATIGUE
LOW GRADE FEVER & NIGHT SWEATS
ITCHING
Reed-Sternberg cells IN LAB
```
HODGKINS
79
HODGKINS OR NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA?
```
PEAK AGE IS 20-24
NON-CONTAGIOUS
ASSOCIATED WITH AUTOIMMUNE OR HIV
NIGHT SWEAT & FEVER
NONPAINFUL
ANEMIA
UNRESPONSIVE TO ANTIBIOTICS
```
NON HODGKINS
80
DO LEUKEMIA PATIENTS BRUISE EASILY?
YES
81
DO HODGKINS OR NON HODGKINS LYMPHOMA HAVE CHEST PAIN?
YES
82
DO LEUKEMIA PATIENTS HAVE INCREASED BODY INFECTIONS?
YES
83
WHAT DOES A HIGH HEMATOCRIT MEAN?
DEHYDRATION
84
WHAT DOES A LOW HEMATOCRIT MEAN?
XS DESTRUCTION OF RBS OR BLOOD LOSS
85
WHAT DOES THE MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME MEASURE?
THE AVERAGE SIZE OF RBC
86
MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN MEASURES?
AMOUNT OF HEMOGLOBIN IN RBC
87
MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION MEASURES?
CONCENTRATION OF HGB IN RBC
88
IS THE BLOOD SMEAR COUNT A TEST FOR SHAPE?
YES
89
PHILIA IS ?
HIGH WBCS
90
PENIA IS?
LOW WBCS
91
WHAT IS CRP?
ACUTE, CAN DETECT AFTER 24 HOURS
92
WHAT IS ESR?
CHRONIC, CAN DETECT AFTER ALL THE TIME (3 MONTHS)
93
NAME TWO ANTICOAGULANTS AND THEIR SIDE EFFECTS?
WARFARIN AND HEPARIN
| BLEEDING
94
T/F
| WARFARIN CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA THUS CONTRA. IN PREGNANCY
TRUE
95
NAME AN ANTI-PLATELET DRUG AND SIDE EFFECT?
ASPIRIN
| GASTRIC ULCERS, BLEEDING, REYES SYNDROME
96
T/F
| ANTIBODIES/IMMUNOGLOBULINS MADE BY PLASMA CELLS, DERIVED FROM B LYMPHOCYTES?
TRUE
97
T/F
| THERE ARE 5 DIFF. ANTIBODIES
TRUE
98
WHAT IS THE MOST ABUNDANT ANTIBODY?
IgG
99
WHAT ANTIBODY CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA?
IgG
100
WHAT ANTIBODY IF FOUND IN SECRETIONS; SALIVA, TEARS, BREAST MILK
IgA
101
WHAT ANTIBODY IS A SECONDARY RESPONSE ?
IgG
102
WHAT ANTIBODY IS A PRIMARY RESPONSE?
IgM
103
SHAPE OF THE IgM ANTIBODY?
PENTAMER, BINDS TO 10 ANTIGENS
104
WHAT ANTIBODY BINDS MAST CELLS AND BASOPHILS?
IgE
105
T/F
| AUTOIMMUNITY IS AN IMMUNE REACTION AGAINST SELF MOLECULES
TRUE
106
WHAT IS A CLASS OF NON SELF MOLECULES?
ANTIGENS
107
WHAT IS THE 1ST, 2ND AND 3RD LINE OF DEFENSE?
BLOCK ENTRY, FIGHT LOCAL INFECTIONS AND COMBAT MAJOR INFECTIONS
108
WHAT IS THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE?
NON SPECIFIC BARRIERS
| SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, NASAL HAIRS, CILIA, VAGINAL SECRETIONS, URINE, FLORA, TEARS, SALIVA, SWEAT, EAR WAX
109
WHAT IS THE SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE?
FIGHT LOCAL INFECTIONS W/ INFLAMMATION PROCESS
PHAGOCYTOSIS
110
WHAT IS THE THIRD LINE OF DEFENSE?
TAKES LONGER TO REACT
WORKS ON SPECIFIC INVADERS
WHOLE BODY PROTECTION
111
BASIC AIDS-HIV INFO
- EARLY STAGES PATIENT CAN DEVELOP FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS
-MONITOR CD4 EVERY SIX MONTHS FOR HIV PATIENTS
>200 CELLS/MM3
112
WHAT ARE SOME OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS TO AIDS?
```
HPV
SALMONELLA
SCABIES
HERPES
MENINGITIS
CANDIDIASIS
STAPHYL.
```
113
MRSA SHORT FOR?
METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
114
WHAT IS IMPETIGO?
CONTAGIOUS SUPERFICIAL INFECTION OF THE SKIN; AFFECTING EPIDERMIS
115
MENINGITIS SYMPTOMS
HIGH FEVER, NECK STIFFNESS AND HA
116
CAUSE FOR MENINGITIS?
GROUP B STREP AND E COLI IN NEWBORNS
117
MONONUCLEOSIS CAUSED BY WHAT?
EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS
118
CONJUNCTIVITIS / PINK EYE DUE TO ?
CAUSE IS ADENOVIRUS
119
CHILDHOOD CONDITIONS?
| "MMR"
MEASLES, MUMPS AND RUBELLA
120
T/F
| MUMPS MAY CAUSE INFERTILITY
TRUE
121
WHAT IS PERTUSSIS?
HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS WHOOPING COUGH
122
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS?
STIFFNESS AND WARM SWOLLEN JOINTS, MORNING STIFFNESS, AFFECTS JOINTS SYMMETRICALLY
