Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHRM 864 > Hematology (Grove) > Flashcards

Hematology (Grove) Flashcards

1
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma treatment goal

A

Cure; use high dose chemo followed by autologous stem cell transplant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Risk factors for hodgekin’s lymphoma

A

viral exposure (Epstein-Barr virus), impaired immune function (solid organ transplant, HIV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma chemo regimen

A

ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) (cardiotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity) or AAVD (6 cycles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the most prevalent?

A

B cell (85%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How to diagnose NHL and HL

A

excisional biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

follicular lymphoma treatment

A

type of NHL
slow growing; treat symptoms only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is Richter’s transformation?

A

transformation of slow-growing NHL into an aggressive NHL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the median time from diagnosis of low-grade NHL to transformation to DLBCL (diffuse large B Cell Lymphoma)?

A

~5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the treatment for DLBCL

A

R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, presnisolone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the treatment for DLBCL in high risk patients

A

Pola + R + CHP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What should be done before initiating rituximab (anti CD-20) in a patient with NHL?

A

check a hepatitis B surface antigen and hep B core antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How to pre-treat for HepB reactivation in NHL

A

entecavir 0.5mg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

NHL treatment options

A

1st: rituximab, 2nd: CAR-T, 3rd: Bispecific t-cell engagers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the treatment for cytokine release syndrome?

A

Tocilizumab (anti IL-6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is ICANS?

A

Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome

mainly presents as confusion/ altered mental status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How to treat ICANS?

A

corticosteroids!

17
Q

multiple myeloma patho

A

abnormal plasma cells infiltrating the bone marrow (m-protein)

18
Q

Multiple Myeloma (MM) presentation

A

C- calcium >11.5mg/dL (constipation, altered mental status)
R- renal dysfunction SCr > 2 mg/dL or CrCl < 40 mL/min
A- anemia <10g/dL (or 2g/dL below normal)
B- bone; one or more osteolytic lesions

19
Q

multiple myeloma treatment

A

3 drug regimen, then stem cell transplant if possible

20
Q

3 drug regimen for MM

A

thalidomide derivative, steroids, proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib) (causes apoptosis of cancer cells)

21
Q

MM treatment goals?

A

incurable; prolong survival with stem cell rescue. use 3 drug regimen

22
Q

What are the chronic leukemias?

A

chronic myeloid Leukemia (CML)
chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

23
Q

patho of CML

A

Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL) oncogene

24
Q

CML presentation

A
  • leukocytosis (as high as 1 mil WBCs causing leukostasis) = medical emergency
  • can cause stroke and/or organ dysfunction
25
Q

CML treatment

A
  • tyrosine kinase inhibitors
  • cure with stem cell transplant
  • TKIs: Imatinib, Ponatinib (for T315A mutation)
26
Q

Imatinib considerations

A
  • need to be compliant!
  • metabolized CYP3A4
  • nausea and rash
27
Q

Dasatinib considerations

A

avoid acid reducers
may cause fluid retention

28
Q

Nilotinib considerations

A

may cause metabolic syndrome and QTC prolongation

29
Q

Bosutinib considerations

A

may cause diarrhea and GI toxicity

30
Q

Ponatinib considerations

A

may cause ischemia, vascular occlusion, and hypertension

31
Q

chronic lymphoid leukemia patho

A

loss of apoptosis and lymphocyte accumulation

32
Q

CLL treatment principles

A

only treat if symptomatic
- tx reserved for stage III or IV disease

33
Q

CLL treatment

A

BTK inhibitor (___BRUTinib) (indefinite) and venetoclax x 1 year

34
Q

AML presentation

A

pancytopenia, bone pain, gum hypertrophy

35
Q

AML diagnosis

A
  • through bone marrow biopsy
  • greater than 20% blasts (immature cells)
36
Q

AML treatment principles

A

induce remission and prevent relapse (do a bone marrow biopsy before and after treatment)

37
Q

venetoclax considerations

A

tumor lysis syndrome

38
Q

ALL treatment considerations

A

can hide in brain or testes (can cause testes to enlarge)

39
Q

ALL CNS treatment

A

intrathecal methotrexate or cytarabine

PHRM 864 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions