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ScrubLife Notes / B. Holsbeke Notes - FNP > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Serum iron shows how much iron is in what?

A

circulation

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2
Q

Serum ferritin shows how much iron is in what?

A

storage

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3
Q

___ How much iron binding sites are available for iron to bind to?

A

Total iron binding capacity (TIBC)

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4
Q

___ Immature red blood cells and takes about 3 day to mature.

A

Reticulocytes

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5
Q

On a CBC, reticulocytes would be elevated or decreased in anemia?

A

Elevated

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6
Q

___ shows how much RBCs vary in size, in comparison to other RBCs in circulation?

A

Red cell distribution width (RDW)

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7
Q

Less than what percentage is considered ‘normal’ in variation (RDW) in red blood cells?

A

less than 15%

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8
Q

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) shows what in RBCs

A

RBC size

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9
Q

mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) shows what in RBCs

A

RBC color

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10
Q

What kind of milk is the leading cause of Iron deficiency anemia in toddlers?

A

Cow’s Milk

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11
Q

what test and level is the confirmatory for iron deficiency?

A

Ferritin - < 30 ng/ml

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12
Q

Someone is usually asymptomatic of IDA until what H/H levels?

A

10/30

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13
Q

What should you also check if someone presents with s/s of IDA?

A

Lead levels

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14
Q

What kind of anemia is Thalassemia?

A

Inherited, microcytic and hypochromic anemia

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15
Q

How is thalassemia different from IDA?

A

All levels are normal in Thalassemia (serum iron, ferritin, RDW, and TIBC)

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16
Q

What would a peripheral smear show in thalassemia?

A

Anisocytosis (variation in size)

Poikilocytosis (variation in shape)

Target cells (RBCs that did not delete it’s nucleus)

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17
Q

what is the diagnostic test for thalassemia?

A

Hbg Electrophoresis

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18
Q

Should you supplement someone with thalassemia with iron or other supplements?

A

NO - can cause iron overload

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19
Q

What kind of anemia is Anemia of Chronic Disease/Inflammation?

A

normocytic and normochromic anemia

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20
Q

What happens to the RBCs in anemia of chronic disease?

A

RBCs are hypo-proliferative (die faster than they are produced)

21
Q

How is the diagnosis made in Anemia of chronic disease?

A

Characterized by normal to increased iron stores AND evidence of an inflammatory disease

22
Q

What is the treatment for Anemia of chronic disease?

A

treating the underlying disorder

23
Q

What kind of anemia is the result of B12 and folate deficiency?

A

megaloblastic anemia

24
Q

Pernicious anemia is linked to what kind of deficiency?

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency

25
Q

Are neurologic findings more consistent with vitamin b12 or folate deficiency?

A

Vitamin B12

26
Q

What kind of administration is required in patients that present with neuro sysmtpoms d/t vitamin b12/folate deficiency?

A

parenteral (IV) administration

27
Q

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder that is characterized by the presence of what?

A

hemoglobin S (Hb S)

28
Q

In sickle cell anemia, what would be seen on the peripheral smear?

A

Howell-Jolly Bodies & Target cells

29
Q

What is given prophylactically in specifically children that have sickle cell anemia?

A

Penicillin

30
Q

What is given for prevention of complications in someone with sickle cell anemia?

A

Hydroxyurea

31
Q

What is the clinical diagnosis factor of someone with Thrombocytopenia?

A

platelet count < 150,000 - rest of CBC is normal

32
Q

What should be taken daily in someone with thrombocytopenia?

A

Prednisone

33
Q

What is the diagnostic test for G6PD deficiency?

A

Quantitative G6PD enzyme analysis

34
Q

What are the s/s of G6PD deficiency?

A

Jaundice, Dark urine, Splenomegaly, and abdominal pain

35
Q

In a person with G6PD deficiency, what could trigger a Hemolytic crisis?

A

Fava Beans
infections
Sulfa Drugs

36
Q

what does this Hepatitis lab indicate?

HBS-AG

A

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

37
Q

what does this Hepatitis lab indicate?

Anti-HBC

A

Hepatitis B Core Antibody

38
Q

what does this Hepatitis lab indicate?

HBS-AB (Anti-HBS)

A

Hepatitis B Surface Antibody

39
Q

what does this Hepatitis lab indicate?
Anti-HCV

A

Hepatitis C antibodies

40
Q

what does this Hepatitis lab indicate?

HCV RNA Testing

A

differentiates current vs past infections

41
Q

Decipher these hepatitis labs:

+HBSAG and +IGM

A

Acute infection

42
Q

Decipher these hepatitis labs:

+IGG and +HBSAB

A

Immunity from previous infection

43
Q

Decipher these hepatitis labs:

-IGG and +HBSAB

A

Immunity from vaccinations

44
Q

What is the “exposure” screening for HIV/AIDS?

A

The ELISA Test

45
Q

What test confirms the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS?

A

Nucleic Acid Test (NAT)

46
Q

What is the CD4 T-Cell count criteria for AIDS?

A

< 200

47
Q

HIV/AIDs patient are at high risk for developing pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). what is the treatment for PCP?

A

Bactrim (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)

48
Q

Tetanus Booster Doses:

if under 7 years of age, give what?

A

DTAP

49
Q

Tetanus Booster Doses:

if older then 7 years of age, give what?

A

TDAP

ScrubLife Notes / B. Holsbeke Notes - FNP (5 decks)

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