Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinphar Lab - K > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

To aid in diagnosing anemia, certain cancers of the blood, inflammatory diseases, and to monitor blood loss and infection

A

CBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This is the
oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells

A

HB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

To diagnose and/or to monitor certain types of bleeding and clotting disorders

A

Platelet count (usually done as part of the CBC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

To evaluate bleeding and clotting disorders and to monitor anticoagulation (anticlotting) therapies

A

Prothrombin time (PT) Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) International Normalized Ratio (INR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RBC reference range and clinical significance

A

4-6 million/ uL; Anemia and bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hb and Hct reference range for men

A

Hb: 14-18
Hct: 42-54%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hb and Hct reference range for female

A

Hb: 12-16 g/ dL
Female: 38-46%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hb and Hct Clinical Significance

A

Low Values: Anemia, Massive Blood Loss
High Values: Polycythemia, Dehydration/severe blood loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

RBC indices ref range

A

MCV: 84-99 fL
MCH: 26-32 pg
MCHC: 30-36 g/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Low MCV and MCHC could lead to

A

Microcytic hypochromic anemia secondary to iron deficiency or thalassemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

High MCV could mean

A

macrocytic anema secondary to megaloblastic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

RBC deficiency could lead to

A
  1. Hemolytic anemia: decrease number of RBC
  2. Excess bleeding
  3. Hereditary spherocytosis :
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

rare blood disorder in which defects in the red blood cells cause them to be shaped like spheres and break down easily

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Over production of RBC

A

Polycythemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

caused by overproduction of red blood cells by the bone marrow due to mutation or biological factor in the body

A

Primary polycythemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which is caused by factors that reduce the amount of oxygen reaching the body’s tissues, such as smoking, high altitude or congenital heart disease.

A

Secondary polycythemia:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The red blood cells in some patients with _____________ may carry an abnormal form of hemoglobin that does not release oxygen readily (high-affinity hemoglobin).

A

secondary polycythemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hemoglobin levels are decrease but RBC size is normal (acute blood loss, anemia, chronic diseases).

A

Normocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

insufficiency of hemoglobin synthesis (iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia)

A

Microcytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

deficiency of vitamin B1 or folic acid (hypothyroidism, alcoholism)

A

Macrocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

alteration in hemoglobin structure

A

Sickle cell anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

a measure of how much space red blood cells take up in your blood.

A

Hematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

high hematocrit level might mean

A

dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

low hematocrit level might mean

A

anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Abnormal hematocrit levels may also be a sign of a

A

blood or bone marrow disorder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Determined by centrifuging a capillary of whole blood and comparing the height of settled red cells to that of whole blood

A

Hematocrit

27
Q

Hematocrit equation

A

%HCT = (Redcells/Volume) x 100

28
Q

T/F: Hemoglobin and Hematocrit are affected similarly by the same medical conditions

A

True

29
Q

Hemoglobin and Hematocrit may be decreased due to:

A

-blood loss
-chronic disease
-infiltrative diseases of the bone marrow

30
Q

Hemoglobin and Hematocrit may be increased due to:

A

-hemoconcentration form dehydration
-chronic hypoxic state as with COPD
-polycythemia vera

31
Q

Known as leukopenia

A

low WBC

32
Q

Known as leukocytosis

A

high WBC

33
Q

T/F: Allergies, asthma may cause high WBC count

A

True

34
Q

T/F: Intense exercise or severe
stress may cause high WBC count

A

True

35
Q

neutropenia

A

low Neu, PMN, polys

36
Q

Reaction to drugs, chemotherapy · Immunodeficiency

A

neutropenia

37
Q

neutrophilia

A

high Neu, PMN, polys

38
Q

· Cushing syndrome

A

neutrophilia

39
Q

lymphocytopenia

A

low lymphocytes

40
Q

lymphocytosis

A

high lymphocytes

41
Q

T/F: Usually, one low count of Monocyte is not medically · significant.

A

True

41
Q

Repeated low counts of monocyte can indicate:

A

· Bone marrow damage or failure
· Hairy cell leukemia ·
· Aplastic anemia

42
Q

High count of monocyte indicates

A

chronic infection, infection within the heart, collagen vascular diseases

43
Q

T/F: Eosinophil numbers are normally low in the blood

A

true

44
Q

T/F: Parasitic infection can cause a rise in eosinophil number

A

True

45
Q

T/F: like eosinophil, basophil numbers are normally low in the blood

A

True

46
Q

High basophil could indicate

A

rare allergic reactions

47
Q

increase in platelet count

A

thrombocytosis

48
Q

thrombocytosis could be caused by

A

hemorrhage, IDA

49
Q

decrease in platelet count

A

thrombocytopenia

50
Q

thrombocytopenia could be caused by

A

Dengue, aplastic or hypoplastic bone marrow, depression

51
Q

An abnormally low level may be indicative of liver disease, primary fibrinolysis (a breakdown of clots), or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

A

Factor V

52
Q
A
53
Q

Abnormal results may be a sign of excessive bleeding or hemorrhage, fibrinolysis, or placental abruption, which is a separation of the placenta from the uterine wall

A

Fibrinogen level

54
Q

protein made by your liver

A

Fibrinogen

55
Q

a substance involved in clotting

A

Factor V

56
Q

Blood clotting tests:

A

Factor V assay, Fibrinogen level

57
Q

a measure of the average size of your RBC.

A

MCV

58
Q

Abnormal MCV levels may be a sign of

A

anemia or thalassemia.

59
Q

Macro or microcytic:
- alcoholism
- vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency
- hypothyroidism

A

Macro

60
Q

Macro or microcytic:
- iron deficiency anemia
- genetic abnormalities such as thalassemia

A

Micro

61
Q

test measures how well and how long it takes your blood to clot. It normally takes about 25 to 30 seconds. It may take longer if you take blood thinners.

A

prothrombin time (PT)

62
Q

abnormal results of PT may be due to

A

hemophilia, liver disease, and malabsorption.

63
Q

useful in monitoring those who take medications that affect clotting, such as warfarin

A

Prothrombin time

Clinphar Lab - K (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions