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ABR > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Low iron
Low trans sat
High TIBC
Low ferritin

A

Iron deficiency

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2
Q

Low iron
Low/normal trans sat
Low TIBC
High ferritin

A

Anemia of inflammation

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3
Q

High iron
High trans sat
Low TIBC
Very high ferritin

A

Hemochromatosis

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4
Q

Staining of iron in macrophages and NO RBC staining

A

Anemia of inflammation

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5
Q

Thallasemia

Southeast Asian

A

Alpha thallasemia

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6
Q

Thallasemia

Mediterranean

A

Beta Thallasemia

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7
Q

High HbA2

A

Beta thallasemia

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8
Q

Diagnose alpha Thallasemia

A

DNA PCR analysis

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9
Q

Diagnose Beta thallasemia

A

Hgb electropharesis

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10
Q

High Hgb S

Rest Hb A

A
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11
Q

High Hb S
Low Hb F
Very low HBA2

A

Sickle cell anemia

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12
Q

Point mutation is Sickle cell disease

A

Glutamate to Valine

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13
Q

Management for acute chest syndrome

A

Exchange transfusion

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14
Q

Management for priapism in sickle cell

A

<4 hr: intracavernosal phenyleophrine

>4hr: aspiration. Then surgical fistula between cavernosum and spongiosum. If fails, exchange transfusion

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15
Q

Most common a cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell

A

Salmonella

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16
Q

High Hb A

Rest Hb A and F

A

Beta Thallasemia trait

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17
Q

Low Hb A

Rest Hb A2 and F

A

Beta Thallasemia major

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18
Q

High Hb A
Some Hb S
Low Hb A2 and F

A

Sickle cell trait

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19
Q

High Hb S
Some Hb F
Low Hb A2

A

sickle cell disease

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20
Q

High Hb S
Some Hb F and A2
Low HbA

A

Sickle/thal

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21
Q

Increased MMA

A

B12 deficiency

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22
Q

Increased homocysteine

A

B12, folate, B6 deficiency

23
Q

Treatment for 5q gene deletion

A

Lenalidomide

24
Q

Indication for irradiated pRBC

A

Prevention of associated GVHD

25
Q

Uremia
Anemia
Burr cells

A

Anemia if uremia

26
Q

IV nitrates

Cyanosis

A

Methemoglobinemia

27
Q

Hemolytic anemia
IgG
SLE, CLL, Ceftriaxone
Spherocytes

Management

A

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (direct)

Steroids
Rituximab

28
Q

Hemolytic anemia
IgM
Mono, flu, mycoplasma

Management

A

Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Avoid cold

29
Q

Abdominal pain
Mesenteric vein thrombosis

Diagnostic test

Management

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

DAF assay/Flow cytometry if CD55/59

Eculizumab

30
Q

Smoker. Alcohol. Barbiturates. OCPs

Dark red urine. No blood

A

Acute intermittent porphyria

PBG deaminase deficiency

31
Q

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency

A

Porphyria cutaneous tarda

32
Q

Positive eosin-5-maleimide binding test

A

Cytoskeleton spectrin membrane defect

Hereditary spherocytosis

33
Q

Blood transfusion
Febrile. Restless. Dyspneic
Dark red urine
Hgb drops

A

Major hemolytic reaction (early)

ABO incompatibility

34
Q

Blood transfusion

Dark urine a week later

A

Late hemolytic reaction

Rh incompatibility

35
Q

Indication for washed RBC transfusion

A

History of urticaria and allergies

History of IgA deficiency

36
Q

Blood transfusion
Fever/chills
No drop in Hgb

A

Febrile nonhemolytic reaction

37
Q

Indication for leukocyte-reduced pRBC

A

Prevention of febrile nonhemolytic reaction

38
Q

Blood transfusion

Anaphylaxis

A

IgA deficiency

39
Q

Blood transfusion
Respiratory distress
Normal JVP

40
Q

Blood transfusion
Respiratory distress
Elevated JVP

41
Q

Universal donor

42
Q

Universal recipient

43
Q

Abnormal platelet aggregation

A

Glanzmann’s disease

44
Q

Bleeding with herbal meds

A

Ginkgo biloba

Ginseng

45
Q

Low ristocetin cofactor assay

A

Von willebrand disease

46
Q

Reversal for Dabigatran

A

Idarucizumab

47
Q

Management for polycythemia Vera

A

Phlebotomy to keep Hct < 45%
Hydroxyurea
Low dose ASA

48
Q

Management for essential thrombocytosis

A

Low dose ASA

hydroxyurea if DVT or Age > 60 + plt > 1mil

49
Q

Philadelphia chromosome

A

t(9;22)
Bcr/abl

CML

50
Q

t(15;17)

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

Auer rods

51
Q

Febrile neutrophilic dermatosis

A

Sweets syndrome.

52
Q

Smudge cells

53
Q

Hairy cells
Splenomegaly

Management

A

Hairy cell leukemia

Cladribine

ABR (12 decks)

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