Hematology

Question 1

Rouleaux formation “stack of coins” on peripheral smear indicates what disease

Answer 1

Multiple myeloma

Question 2

Cold aggluinin should make you think of…

Answer 2

….mycoplasma

Question 3

Howell Jolly bodies associated with what condition?

Answer 3

Decreased splenic functioning, either autosplenectomy like sickle cell or post splenectomy

Question 4

Bite cells associated with what 2 conditions

Answer 4

Thalassemia, G6pd deficiency

Question 5

Schistocytes are associated with what condition?

Answer 5

Hemolytic anemias

Question 6

Basophilic stippling is associated with what condition?

Answer 6

Sideroblastic anemia

Question 7

Echinocytes “burr” cells are associated with what condition?

Answer 7

Uremia

Question 8

Acanthocytes “spur” cells are associated with what conditions?

Answer 8

Liver disease

Question 9

Target cells and spherocytes are associated with what condition?

Answer 9

Hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell or thalassemia, can also be seen in hereditary spherocytosis or with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 10

Hypersegmented neutrophils indicate what condition?

Answer 10

B12 and folate deficiencies

Question 11

Auer rods indicate what condition?

Answer 11

AML

Question 12

Reed sternberg cells indiacte what conditoin?

Answer 12

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 13

Microcytic anemia 4 principle causes

Answer 13

Fe deficiency
Lead
Thalassemia
Early anemia of chronic disease

All have a low reticulocyte count

Question 14

Iron study finding pathognomonic for iron deficiency anemia

Answer 14

Decreased ferritin

Question 15

How is a thalassemia or sickle cell trait diagnosed?

Answer 15

Electrophoresis

Question 16

Heinz bodies indicate one of these 2 pathologies

Answer 16

G6PD deficiency

a Thalassemia

Question 17

Iron chelating agent to remove excess iron from frequent transfusions

Answer 17

Deferoxamine

Question 18

Pernicious anemia definition

Answer 18

Lack of IF preventing absorption of B12 resulting in B12 deficient anemia

Question 19

B12 differs from folate deficiency in these 2 ways

Answer 19

It has neurologic symptoms and increased methymalonic acid

Question 20

Anemia of chronic disease early on is ____cytic ___chromatic, then becomes ___chromic and ___cytic. One way that it differs from iron deficiency is from the ____. What is the treatment?

Answer 20

micro, hypo, normo, normo, normal to increased ferritin levels, manage the underlying disease and erythropoietin alpha

Question 21

Increased reticulocyte count indicates these 2 pathologies

Answer 21

Blood loss or hemolytic disease

Question 22

What test differentiates hereditary spherocytosis from autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Answer 22

Coombs test negative vs coombs test posiotive

Question 23

Most common initial presentation of sickle cell disease

Answer 23

Dactylitis

Question 24

What disease is associated with aplastic crisis in sickle cell patients?

Answer 24

Parvovirus b19 infection

Question 25

What disease is associated with osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients

Answer 25

Salmonella

Question 26

Initial therapy in sickle cell crisis

Answer 26

IV hydration and oxygen

Question 27

Infection prophylaxis in sickle cell patients

Answer 27

PCN as early as 2-3 months until 5 years of age to prevent infectious complication

Question 28

Heparin overdose antitode

Answer 28

Protamine sulfate

Question 29

Warfarin overdose antitode

Answer 29

Vitamin K

Question 30

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura presentation and treatment

Answer 30

Mucocutaneous bleeding, hemolytic anemia, splenomegaly,

plasmapheresis and glucocorticoids

Question 31

Hemolytic uremic syndrome comes on most often after what disease? What is the treatment?

Answer 31

gastroenteritis in children, supportive therapy with plasmapheresis if severe

Question 32

Hemophilia A presentation and 2 treatments

Answer 32

Delayed bleeding and hemarthrosis, excessive hemorrhage due to trauma and surgeyr or incisional bleeding, epistaxis

Factor VIII infusion or desmopressin DDAVP

Question 33

Hemophilia B presentation and treatmnet

Answer 33

Delayed bleeding and hemarthrosis, excessive hemorrhage due to trauma and surgeyr or incisional bleeding, epistaxis

Factor IX infusion (the 9 days of Christmas)

Question 34

Von willebrand disease treatment

Answer 34

Desmopressin

Question 35

Initial test of choice for hemochromatosis, what is the most accurate test?

Answer 35

Iron studies showing increased serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation, liver biopsy

Question 36

Punched out lesions on radiographs indicated what condition?

Answer 36

Multiple myeloma

Question 37

Most common primary bone malignancy in adults

Answer 37

Multiple myeloma

Question 38

Most common presenting symtpom of multiple myeloma

Answer 38

Bone pain

Question 39

Bence jones proteins indicate what condition?

Answer 39

Multiple myeloma

Question 40

First line diagnosis for multiple myeloma

Answer 40

Serum protein electrophoresis

Question 41

Most common childhood malignancy

Answer 41

Acute lymphocytic leukemia ALL (2-5 years)

Question 42

Most common form of leukemia in adults

Answer 42

chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL (70 plus years)

Question 43

Most common acute leukemia in adults and what is the gold standard to diagnose it?

Answer 43

AML, bone marrow biopsy

Question 44

Chrronic myelogenous leukemia definition

Answer 44

Phillie chromosome, splenomegaly most comon finding, chronic phase mostly asymptomatic, then accelerated and blastic phases follow

Question 45

Hodgekin lymphoma clincial manifestations

Answer 45

Asymtpomatic painless lymphadenopathy particularly of the upper nodes most common, fatigue, generalized pruritis, etc

Question 46

Hodgekin lymphoma diagnosis

Answer 46

Excisional whole lymph node biopsy demonstrating reed sternberg cell