Hematologic Disorders Flashcards
Study of blood and blood forming tissues
Includes the bone marrow, blood, spleen, and lymph
Involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide,
maintenance of intravascular volume and blood coagulation, and
fighting infections
HEMATOLOGY
Soft material that fills the core of the bones in which hematopoiesis
occurs
BONE MARROW
2 types of BONE MARROW
Yellow (adipose)
Red (hematopoietic) - actively makes blood cells
a connective tissue that functions as transporter, regulator, and
protector
BLOOD
2 major components of blood
Plasma and Blood cells
composed of mostly water and contains various
proteins, electrolytes, gasses, and wastes
Plasma
develop from a common stem cell found in the bone
marrow and differentiates into 3 types
Blood cells
3 types of blood cells
RBC (erythrocytes)
WBC (leukocytes)
Platelets (thrombocytes)
FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD
Transport
Regulate
Protect
what does the blood transport?
O2 from lungs to cells
Nutrients from GI to cells
Hormones from endocrine glands to tissues and cells
Metabolic waste products from cells to lungs, liver, and
kidneys for disposal
what does the blood regulate?
F&E balance
Acid-base balance
Body temperature
Maintaining intravascular oncotic pressure (IOP)
what does the blood protect?
Maintain homeostasis of blood coagulation
Combating invasion of pathogens and other foreign
substances
plasma contains how many percent of the blood
55%
fortified elements contains how many percent of the blood
45%
% of water in blood
91%
diagnostic measure to calculate the percentage of blood cells in comparison with the liquid component
Hematocrit
Transport of gases and maintenance of acid-base
balance
Contains hemoglobin (Hgb) which is a complex protein-iron compound which binds to O2 and CO2
ERYTHROCYTES
most important blood component of erythrocytes
Hgb
hemoglobin with attached O2 (bind to the iron) from the lung which gives the characterized bright red appearance of arterials blood
Oxyhemoglobin
A normal adult makes about _____ million RBC per second
2.5
Lifespan of RBCs
120 days
Essential nutrients needed in the formation of erythrocytes
protein, iron, folate, cobalamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, niacin, ascorbic acid, copper, and vit E
Immature RBC w/c mature 48h after its release in the
bloodstream
Reticulocyte
increased hematocrit results in
dehydration
Destruction of RBCs are routinely done by monocytes and macrophages to remove abnormal, defective, and damaged old RBCs from circulation
It increases bilirubin (waste product of hemolysis of RBC) in the body which the liver excretes via the bile
Hemolysis
Plasma is mainly composed of
Water
promotes production of mature red blood cells in the bone marrow. more red blood cells in the circulation leads to increased oxygenation and lower levels of hypoxia
ERYTHROPOIESIS
promotes production of mature red blood cells in the bone marrow. more red blood cells in the circulation leads to increased oxygenation and lower levels of hypoxia
ERYTHROPOIESIS
mother of all stem cells
pluripotent stem cell
AKA immature RBCs which matures 48 hrs after release in the bloodstream
reticulocyte
reticulocyte will mature into
erythrocyte
biggest blood component
megakaryocyte