HEMA

Question 1

Inhibits both ALK and ROS 1 tyrosine kinases, commonly constitutively active in certain NSCLC

Answer 1

Crizotinib

Question 2

HDAC inhibitor, epigenetic modulation

Answer 2

Vorinostat

Commonly used in cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Question 3

Competitive inhibitor of ATP-binding site of the EGFR

Answer 3

Erlotinib
- used in NSCLC

Question 4

inhibits proteolytic degradation of multiple cellular proteins as proteasome inhibitor;

Answer 4

Bortezomib
- Used in multiple myeloma

Question 5

Inhibits Rank Ligand, primary signal for bone removal

Answer 5

Denosumab

Question 6

Binds to HER2 on tumor cell surface and induces receptor internalization

Answer 6

Trastuzumab
-used in breast cancer

Question 7

Blocks PDGFR-a

Answer 7

Olaratumab
-used in soft tissue sarcomas

Question 8

Binds to CD38 on MM cells causing apoptosis by antibody-dependent or complement-mediated cytotoxicity

Answer 8

Daratumumab

Question 9

Gene mutation commonly seen in:
Gliomas
AML
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Answer 9

Isocitrate dehydrogenase I and 2 (IHD 1 and IHD 2)
- lead to the production of 2HG instead of the normal product alpha-ketoglutarate

Question 10

Gene mutation commonly seen in melanoma

Answer 10

BRAF
> also in nonHL, thyroid Ca, ovarian Ca, Lung Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Question 11

Gene mutation that facilitate tumoral adaptation to hypoxia

Answer 11

HIF1 mutation
- seen in bladder, brain, breast, and others

Question 12

Most common side effect of VEGF inhibitors

Answer 12

Hypertension

Question 13

Rare but serious potential risk of VEGF inhibitor

Answer 13

Arterial thromboembolic events (stroke, MI)
Hemorrhage
Bowel perforation
Inhibition of wound healing

Question 14

Monoclonal antibodies against target antigens

Rituximab

Answer 14

Anti-CD20

Question 15

Monoclonal antibodies against target antigens

Alemtuzumab

Answer 15

Anti CD52

Question 16

Monoclonal antibodies against target antigens

Blinatumomab

Answer 16

Anti-CD19

Question 17

Monoclonal antibodies against target antigens

Moxetumumab

Answer 17

Anti CD 22

Question 18

Monoclonal antibodies against target antigens

Brentuximab

Answer 18

Anti CD30

Question 19

MOA of Bevacizumab

Answer 19

Inhibits VEGF to block angiogenesis

Question 20

MOA of Denosumab

Answer 20

Inhibits RANK LIGAND

Question 21

MOA of Everolimus

Answer 21

Inhibits MTOR

Question 22

Venetoclax

Answer 22

Inhibits Bcl-2

Question 23

Methotrexate toxicity

Answer 23

Diarrhea
Stomatitis
Myelosuppression

Question 24

Methotrexate toxicity is augmented by

Answer 24

renal dysfunction
Drugs: salicylates, probenecid, NSAIDs

Question 25

Leucovorin lessen the toxicity of

Answer 25

Methotrexate

Question 26

Mesna lessen the toxicity of

Answer 26

Cyclophosphamide

Question 27

Dexrazoxane lessen the toxicity of

Answer 27

Doxorubicin

Question 28

Vitamin B12 and folic acid lessen the toxicity of

Answer 28

Pemetrexed

Question 29

Agents used clinically to mobilize marrow hematopoietic stem cells for transplant

Answer 29

Plerixafor GCSF =macrocyclic compounds that can block CXCR4

Question 30

Transcription factor associated with Self-renewal

Answer 30

Homeobox or Hox HoxB4- capable of self-renewal of stem cells through its DNA binding motif. - associated with leukemia

Question 31

Transcription factor associated with Normal determination of segment identity in the developing embryo

Answer 31

Asx11 - associated with myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Question 32

Transcription factor associated with Chromatin remodeling

Answer 32

BMI1 - major component of the polycomb group complex 1 (PRV1) - associated with mantle cell lymphoma and leukemia

Question 33

Transcription factor associated with epigenetic modifiers

Answer 33

DNMT3A - Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Question 34

Hereditary Spherocytosis : molecular studies demonstrating mutation in what gene

Answer 34

ANK1 - encoding ankyrin - account for majority of HS

Question 35

BM Morphology: Fatty replacement with hematopoietic cells occupying <25% of the marrow space

Answer 35

Aplastic Anemia

Question 36

BM Morphology • Normal or hypercellular marrow • Dyserythropoietic changes (especially nuclear abnormalities) and ringed sideroblasts in the erythroid lineage • Hypogranulation and hyposegmentation in granulocytic precursors, with possible increase in myeloblasts • Megakaryocytes showing reduced numbers of or disorganized nuclei

Answer 36

Myelodysplastic Anemia

Question 37

BM Morphology Proliferation of plasma cells in BM: large pleomorphic cells with eccentric nuclei and perinuclear clearing, prominent nucleoli, some having a cartwheel configuration

Answer 37

Multiple Myeloma

Question 38

BM MORPHOLOGY Classic Reed-Sternberg cells, which are large binucleated cells with abundant cytoplasm,

Answer 38

pathognomonic for Hodgkin's lymphoma

Question 39

Classic triad of PNH

Answer 39

Hemolytic Anemia Pancytopenia Venous thrombosis

Question 40

Deficiency of these proteins in PNH making them vulnerable to complement-mediated destruction of RBCs

Answer 40

CD 55 and CD 59 -due to shortage in Glycolipid molecule GP1 (mutation in PIGA gene)

Question 41

Confirmatory diagnostic for PNH using FLAER

Answer 41

At least 5% rbc and 20% of granulocytes are CD55 and CD 59 negative

Question 42

Diminished cell in Aplastic Anemia

Answer 42

CS 34+ (hematopoietic stem cells