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BB Flash Cards Comp > Helping Relationships > Flashcards

Helping Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Action methods are most often associated with which of the following approaches to therapy?

  • Psychoanalysis
  • Behavior therapy
  • Existential therapy
  • Psychodrama
A

Psychodrama

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2
Q

Counselors located in the humanistic tradition are likely to:

  • Utilize norm-referenced counseling strategies
  • Stress the subjective experience of reality
  • Be goal-directed
  • Place an emphasis on rational self control
A

Stress the subjective experience of reality

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3
Q

Which of the statements below best fits with Carl Rogers’ views on counseling?

  • At the heart of a person is an intense struggle between good and evil.
  • Counselors should show their clients sympathy.
  • People have an inbuilt motivation for growth.
  • Congruence is a sign of psychological maladjustment.
  • The counselor should be careful about the damaging effects of expressing her own feelings to the client.
A

People have an inbuilt motivation for growth.

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4
Q

Which of the following is the strongest critique of cognitive-behavioral approaches?

  • A lack of empirical validation compared with client-centered approaches
  • A preoccupation with the use of humor to point out the absurdity of irrational beliefs
  • A lack of recognition of the significance of socio-cultural contexts in producing difficulties for people
  • A lack of recognition of the value of philosophizing
A

A lack of recognition of the significance of socio-cultural contexts in producing difficulties for people

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5
Q

A Gestalt therapist’s principal focus is on:

  • The why rather than the how of behavior
  • Recalling memories of childhood experience
  • Awareness of what happens in the here and now
  • Confronting placating behavior
A

Awareness of what happens in the here and now

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6
Q

Client: When it comes to relationships, I’m an absolute write off. I’m hopeless.
Counselor: Where is the evidence that you are a loser just because this one relationship has ended?

In this exchange the counselor is using an approach drawn from:

  • Transactional analysis
  • Existential therapy
  • Motivational interviewing
  • Rational emotive behavior therapy
A

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

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7
Q

Understanding problems in terms of their function in a family communication system is typical of the approach to counseling advocated by:

  • Virginia Satir
  • Karen Horney
  • Laura Perls
  • Insoo Kim Berg
A

Virginia Satir

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8
Q

Which of the following statements would most likely be associated with Albert Ellis?

  • I’m OK, you’re OK
  • Motivation is a state of readiness to change which fluctuates from time to time
  • It is the quality of the personal relationship that matters most in counseling
  • Emotionally disturbed people think crookedly
A

Emotionally disturbed people think crookedly

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9
Q

One of the main principles of REBT as developed by Albert Ellis was:

The scientific method can be used to promote personal happiness

Transpersonal phenomena can be identified in counseling

Personal adjustment problems result from childhood trauma

Unconditional positive regard naturally leads to changed behavior

A

The scientific method can be used to promote personal happiness

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10
Q

“Dreams are the royal road to the unconscious” With whom would you associate this statement?

  • Fritz Perls
  • Donald Meichenbaum
  • Carl Jung
  • Irvin Yalom
A

Carl Jung

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11
Q

“No single theory is comprehensive enough to account for the complexities of human behavior, especially when the range of client types and their specific problems are taken into consideration.”

This writer is making a case for:

  • Heoretical eclecticism
  • Empirical validation of theories
  • Treating all theories as the same
  • Philosophical specialization
A

Theoretical eclecticism

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12
Q

“You’ve been saying how hard it is for you to relax with people and I’m wondering how that is for you here now as we talk together?”

This counselor response best gives an example of:

  • Immediacy
  • Unconditional positive regard.
  • Changing a deficit into a goal
  • Summarization
A

Immediacy

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13
Q

What was the ethos that led to Carl Rogers’ rejection of the psychoanalytic term patient, for the word client?

  • He did not work in medical settings.
  • He wanted to recognize the financial transaction involved.
  • He thought that psychoanalysis was too scientific.
  • He wanted to establish a more egalitarian relationship.
A

He wanted to establish a more egalitarian relationship.

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14
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of Carl Rogers core conditions for effective counseling?

  • Empathy
  • Rationality
  • Congruence
  • Positive regard
A

Rationality

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15
Q

When someone says to a Gestalt therapist, “I shouldn’t feel so angry about this”, the therapist is most likely to notice this language as an example of:

  • Introjection, that is continuing to act according to rules taken on when young
  • Confluence when withdrawal would be more appropriate
  • Heightened awareness and problem ownership
  • Desensitization, that is the shutting down of feelings in the body
A

Introjection, that is continuing to act according to rules taken on when young

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16
Q

Cognitive behavioral therapies depend upon:

  • Confronting a client about deflection of feeling
  • Observation and feedback from self and others
  • Irrational sabotage
  • Awareness of somatic symptoms
A

Observation and feedback from self and others

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17
Q

Which of the following counseling techniques is most associated with Client-Centred Therapy?

  • Confronting phony behavior
  • Free association
  • Interpreting
  • Reflection of feeling
A

Reflection of feeling

18
Q

“A person who has a why to live for can bear almost any how?” This statement is attributed to:

  • Sigmund Freud
  • Carl Rogers
  • Aaron Beck
  • Viktor Frankl
A

Viktor Frankl

19
Q

Which of the following does NOT represent a behavioral view of therapeutic change?

  • Human beings are influenced by environmental contingencies
  • Change in behavior occurs through and depends upon catharsis
  • Symptom removal leads to a happier life
  • The therapist changes the client’s behavior through her application of empirically tested procedures
A

Change in behavior occurs through and depends upon catharsis

20
Q

Which one of the following counselor responses is the best reflection of client feelings?

  • What exactly are you worried about?
  • You feel that he shouldn?t have given you such a low mark.
  • You feel confident about applying because the job description fits you so well.
  • I think I would be feeling worried about that too.
  • Sounds like you?re really worrying about something that I don?t think you really need to worry about.
A

You feel confident about applying because the job description fits you so well.

21
Q

Which of the following is NOT a feature of behavior therapy?

  • Expression of feelings
  • Establishment of treatment goals
  • Emphasis on observing overt behaviors
  • Reliance on basic research to specify treatment methods
A

Expression of feelings

22
Q

Wolpe’s systematic desensitization is based on the principles of

  • Operant conditioning
  • Classical conditioning
  • Cognitive restructuring
  • Schema accommodation
A

Classical conditioning

23
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of Carl Rogers’ necessary core conditions for client growth in counseling?

  • Empathy
  • Positive regard
  • A clear treatment plan
  • Congruence
A

A clear treatment plan

24
Q

If a client wanted to change a behavior, for example to control smoking or overeating, which behavioral technique would be most appropriate?

  • Punishment
  • Systematic desensitization
  • Self-management
  • Assertiveness training
A

Self-management

25
Q

REBT views emotional disturbances as the result of

  • Inadequate parenting
  • Traumatic events in childhood
  • Failure to fulfil existential needs
  • Irrational thinking
A

Irrational thinking

26
Q

The role of the client in rational emotive behavior therapy is like a:

  • Co-therapist
  • Equal partner
  • Passive observer
  • Student or learner
A

Student or learner

27
Q

Beck’s cognitive therapy involves:

  • Helping clients recognize and discard self-defeating thinking
  • Arranging reinforcement contingencies for depressive behavior
  • Helping clients complete unfinished business
  • Identifying exceptions to experiences of depression
A

Helping clients recognize and discard self-defeating thinking

28
Q

Cognitive therapy is based upon the assumptiont that

  • Our feelings determine our thoughts
  • Client insight is essential for any change to occur
  • Cognitions are the main determinants of how we feel and act
  • Trauma needs to be re-experienced in controlled contexts in order to defuse its intensity
A

Cognitions are the main determinants of how we feel and act

29
Q

A reality therapist will focus primarily on:

  • Past behavior
  • Present behavior
  • Client history
  • Feelings about family birth order
A

Present behavior

30
Q

Which of the following is NOT associated with the existential therapy movement?

  • Rollo May
  • Victor Frankl
  • Irving Yalom
  • B. F. Skinner
A

B. F. Skinner

31
Q

Viktor Frankl’s approach to therapy is called

  • Logotherapy
  • Humanistic psychology
  • Redecision therapy
  • Reality therapy
A

Logotherapy

32
Q

Which of the following brief solution-focused therapy methods asks clients to describe life without the problem?

  • Scaling questions
  • Miracle question
  • Asking about pre-session change
  • Exception questions
A

Miracle question

33
Q

Alfred Adler was the first to notice that development of children within the family constellation was influenced heavily by

  • Sibling rivalry
  • The balance of leadership between the parents
  • Birth order
  • The power structure within the family
A

Birth order

34
Q

What is the technique in family therapy that casts a new light on the problem and provides a different interpretation for family problems?

  • Reframing
  • Enactments
  • Family genograms
  • Family restructuring
A

Reframing

35
Q

The concept in Gestalt therapy whereby a client will return repeatedly to needs that have not been met is called

  • The underdog position
  • Doing the rounds
  • Introjection
  • Unfinished business
A

Unfinished business

36
Q

The process by which a client sees their own problems represented in another person’s behavior is called in Gestalt therapy

  • Retroflection
  • Projection
  • Confluence
  • Introjection
A

Projection

37
Q

The goal of therapy in person-centered therapy is

  • Completing unfinished business
  • Measurable behavior change
  • Prizing
  • Self-actualization
A

Self-actualization

38
Q

Which of the following skills involves a counselor in feeding back to a client the content but not the feelings of their utterances?

  • Reflecting
  • Accenting
  • Paraphrasing
  • Confronting
A

Paraphrasing

39
Q

Which of the following would NOT count as an example of verbal attending?

  • Interpretation of a client’s core meanings
  • Repetition of key words
  • Saying yes to indicate ongoing listening
  • Accenting of expressions used by the client
A

Interpretation of a client’s core meanings

40
Q

Immediacy in counseling refers to:

  • The counselor disclosing a similar experience to the client’s problem
  • The counselor disclosing a here and now response to the client’s communications
  • The counselor disclosing how much time is left in the counseling session
  • The counselor maintaining an active listening presence
A

The counselor disclosing a here and now response to the client’s communications

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