Helping Flashcards
Actions intended to benefit others
Prosocial behavior
Preferential helping of genetic relatives,
resulting in the greater likelihood
that genes held in common will
survive
Kin selection
Evolutionary perspectives of why we help others focus on _______
Genes
Helping others
even when there is a cost to
the helper
Altruism
involves one helping another
(despite immediate cost) and
becoming more likely to
receive help from the other in
return
Reciprocal Altruism
Understanding or vicariously experiencing
another individual’s perspective and feeling sympathy
and compassion for that individual
Empathy
Using the power of imagination to
try to see the world through someone else’s eyes
Perspective taking
The proposition that people help others
in order to counteract their own
feelings of sadness (Cialdini et al.,
1987)
Positive Mood
Negative state relief model
providing sustained and deliberate help in the face of potentially enormous costs
Courageous resistance
Motivated by the desire to improve one’s own
welfare
Egoistic (opposite to altruistic)
Empathic concern for
a person in need produces an altruistic motive for
helping (Batson)
Empathy–altruism hypothesis
The larger the number of
people witnessing an emergency, the less likely any one
of them will help (Aronson et al., 2022)
The Bystander Effect
When bystanders assume that
nothing is wrong in an emergency because no one else
looks concerned (Aronson et al., 2022)
Pluralistic ignorance
Believing others will or
should take responsibility to help
Diffusion of responsibility
Not helping for fear of making a
bad impression on observers
Audience inhibition
