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Microbiology > Helminths > Flashcards

Helminths Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The life cycle of helminths

A

Egg —Miracidium(larva)— Sporocyst— Cercaria— Metacercaria— Adult

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2
Q

What are he three groups of helminths

A

Platyhelminthes( flatworms); Tramatodes(flukes)
Cestodes

Nematodes(roundworms)

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3
Q

Schistosomes is the only fluke with separate sexes

A

True

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4
Q

What blood fluke causes causes intestinal schistosomiasis.

A

Schistosoma mansoni

Schistosoma japonicum

Schistosoma intercalatum

Schistosoma mekongi( milder in men)

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5
Q

What causes vesical (urinary) schistosomiasis.

A

Schistosoma haematobium:

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6
Q

Where does the female fluke lie in the male

A

In the gynecophoral canal

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7
Q

Where do fluids feed and grow to maturity after cercaria stage

A

Within the intrahepatic portion of the portal system.

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8
Q

Patients infected with____ suffer from cercarial dermatitis (swimmers itch) and dysentery as well as enlargements of the spleen and liver.

A

S.mansoni

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9
Q

____ causes squamous carcinoma in the bladder

A

S.harmatobium

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10
Q

What is used to treat shistomiasis

A

Praziquantel- all spp

Oxamniquine- intestinal

Metrifonate- urinary
.

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11
Q

What stage in the life cycle of fluke do the have snails as intermediate host

A

Sporocyst stage

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12
Q

Tapeworms are hermatrophrpdotic means?

A

They require immediate hosts

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13
Q

What does scolex and strobilla contain

A

Scolex- suckers

Strobilla- proglottis- main bulk

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14
Q

They have separate sexes with separate appearances. They have a tough protective covering or cuticle. They have a complete digestive tract with both oral and anal openings.

A

Nematodes

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15
Q

What are the three intestinal nematodes with tissue stage

A
  • Ascaris
  • Hookworms
  • Strongyloides
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16
Q

The Penetration of the ascaris larvae from capillaries into the lungs can lead to

A

Loeffler’s syndrome, (pools of blood and dead epithelial cells clog air spaces in the lungs; inflammation of the lungs) pneumonia-like symptoms.

17
Q

What are the two species of hookworm

A

Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.

18
Q

How does filariform larvae of hookworm enter they body

A

It penetrates the skin

19
Q

What does the hook worm cause

A

feed on blood; causing iron deficiency anemia.

•The larvae may cause inflammation of the lungs.

20
Q

What are the 2 types of larva migrans

A

Ancylostoma braziliens: infects both dogs and cats.

•Ancylostoma caninum: infects only dogs.

21
Q

What do FILARIAL WORMS cause

A

Filariasis (characterized by fever, chills, headache, and skin lesions in the early stages).
•if untreated, can progress to elephantiasis (gross enlargement of the limbs and genitalia).

22
Q

Where do filarial worms inhabit in man and what diseases do they cause

A
  1. lymphatic system - lymphatic filariasis (leads to elephantiasis when the lymph nodes are blocked)

or the subcutaneous tissues of man.

23
Q

_____ elephantiasis infection can affect the legs, arms, vulva, scrotum and breasts.

But ___elephantiasis affects the legs below the knees

A
  1. W. bancrofti

2. Malayan

24
Q

If conjunctiva filariasis is left untreated what can it cause

A

blindness known as onchocerciasis (River blindness).

25
Q

What is onchocerciasis

A

River blindness

26
Q

What is Loa loa filariasis and what is it’s vector

A

affects skin and eye.

•The vector is the Mango fly (Chrysops spp).

27
Q

What is used to treaty lao Lao filariasis

A

Diethyl carbamazine

28
Q

What does rhabditiform larvae penetrate

A

The mucosa of small intestine into the lumen

29
Q

Enterobius vermicularis is…. and how does one get it

A

Threadwormb or pinworm

Feuco-Oral, auto infection, raw contaminated veggies, aerosol inhalation

30
Q

Dracunculus medinensis is…

A

Guinea worm or Medina worm

31
Q

How is dracunculus transmitted

A

Contaminated water

32
Q

Tapeworms are hermaphroditic the reform requires intermediate host

T or F

A

True

33
Q

Parts of tapeworm

A

Scolex- bead with suckers

Stobilla- the body with proglottis

34
Q

Where does Taenia saginata inhabit

And it’s intermediate host

A

Beef hookworm

Upper jejenum

Inter host is cow

35
Q

In cattle, what is the name of the zygote and larvae of tapeworm

A

oncospheres

cysticercus bovis

36
Q

What drug is used to treat cestodes

A

Niclosamide

•Albendazole

37
Q

T.solium is…..
T. saginata is …
•Hymenolepis nana is …
Hymenolepis diminuta is…

A

Pork tapeworm

Beef tapeworm

Dwarf tapeworm

Rat tapeworm

38
Q

What is the difference between H.nana and the others

A

It’s egg is infective right from the start

39
Q

What are the two species of echinococcus

A

Echinococcus granulosus - dog tapeworm

and E. multilocularis( Fox tapeworm) Fox is the definitive host and eat served as intermediate hosts

Microbiology (5 decks)

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