Helminths Flashcards
Classification of the helminths by morphology?
Flatworms: flukes and tapeworms; roundworms
What are the most characteristic properties of the flukes (3 example)?
they are short, flat, leaf shaped, hermaphrodites, do developed digestive system
What is the most common intermediate host of the flukes?
water snail
What is the causative agent of fascioliasis?
Fasciola hepatica
What is the treatment of fascioliasis?
bithionol or triclabendazole
What is the causative agent of the lung fluke disease?
Paragonimus westermani
What are the symptoms of paragonimiasis?
night sweats, fever, bloody sputum, chest pain, pleuritis, bronchopneumonia
What is the treatment of paragonimiasis?
praziquantel or bithionol
What are the blood flukes?
Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, S. haematobium
Which flukes can live in the intestinal venules?
Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum
Which fluke can live in the bladder venules?
Schistosoma haematobium
What is the treatment of schstosomiasis?
praziquantel
What is the intermediate host of Taenia saginata?
cattle
What is the intermediate host of Taenia solium?
pig
What kind of human diseases cab be caused by Taenia solium? (2 example)
tape worm infection and, cysticercus cellulosae
What is the treatment of taeniasis?
Niclosamide, mebendazole
What is the causative agent of fish tapeworm disease?
Diphyllobothrium latum
What is the treatment of diphyllobothriasis?
Niclosamide
Which vitamin deficiency can cause by Diphyllobothrium latum?
The lack of B12 vitamin
How can Hymenolepis nana infection treated?
Niclosamide
Which helminths can develop hydatid cysts?
Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis
How can the hydatid cysts treated?
By albendazole or surgical removing
Which helminth can cause itchiness in anus?
Enterobius vermicularis
How can be treated the infection caused by Enterobius vermicularis?
By mebendazole
How can be diagnosed the infection caused by Enterobius vermicularis?
by sticky tape or Scotch tape
Which helminth can cause diarrhoea by prolapses of rectum?
Trichuris trichiura
Which helminth can cause protein deficiency (Kwashiorkor syndrome)?
Ascaris lumbricoides
Which helminths can suck blood?
Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus
What is the treatment of the infection caused by Ancylostoma and Necator?
mebendazole, albendazole
Which helminth can cause paralytic ileus?
Strongyloides stercoralis
What kind of human disease can be caused by Toxocara canis?
visceral larva migrans and ocular larva migrans syndrome
What kind of specimen can be used to diagnose the Toxocara infection?
Blood for serology
What kind of helminthic infection can spread from carnivore animals to humans?
Trichinella spiralis
What is the diagnosis of trichinellosis?
Serology from blood
What is the treatment of the Trichinella infection?
mebendazole, albendazole and can acts only on intestinal helminths
What is the causative agent of lymphatic filariasis, elephantiasis?
Wuchereria bancrofti
How can elephantiasis spread?
By mosquito bite
What is the treatment of filariasis?
diethylcarbamazin
Which helminth can appear in subconjunctival region?
Loa-loa
Which helminth can cause river blindness and elephant skin?
Onchocerca volvulus
