Heian Period Flashcards
When was the Heian Period?
794 - 1185
Why did the capital move?
Buddhist influence was too strong
What was the benefits behind moving to Kyoto?
Better for expansion of influence and military invasions east
Who were the Emishi?
It was likely the Ainu, a native population that was from Okinawa
Where did the Capital move to under Emperor Kanmu?
He moved it to Nagaoka then back to Heian (Modern day Kyoto)
What was the city scape based on?
The city was made to mimic the majestic cityscapes of Chang’an and Luoyanf - the capitals of the Sui and Tang dynasties in Chin
What was the plan for the city scape?
It was meant to represent and re-enforce a strong centralized state. The symmetrical grid pattern was orderly as would be the society who inhabit it
Describe the roads in Heian
Wide, level toads facilitated efficient transportation and served as a place to stage imperial processions which highlighted imperial power
Who owned most of the land?
Most land was owned by aristocrats in the capital
and religious institutions (like Mt. Hiei and Mt. Kōya)
What is the Machi system?
The relationship between physical space and rank. One’s rank determined by one’s land allotment. In this system, member of the aristocracy frequently took their names from the location of their residences
When was Tendai Buddhism formed?
It was formed by Saicho in 767 based in Enyakuji in Mt.Hei
What did Tendai buddhism sought out to do?
Sought to synthesize all known religious truths and practices. It adopted esoteric Buddhist precepts. Eventually it would become a dominant political center
Which form of Buddhism grew among the aristocracy?
Esoteric Buddhism
What caused the fallout between Esoteric Buddhism and Tendai Buddhism?
Saicho requested to learn the secret transmissions but was rejected
How were Provincial Cities modeled?
After the Heian Capital
