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Clinical Methods Test 1 > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

Submandibular abscess presents a(n) _____ emergency

A

airway

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2
Q

tear fluid origin

A

lacrimal gland

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3
Q

tear drainage site

A

punctum to lacrimal sac and into nose via nasolacrimal duct

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4
Q

controls pupillary size

A

iris

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5
Q

controls thickness of lens

A

ciliary body

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6
Q

fundus

A

contains retina, choroid, fovea, macula, optic disc and retinal vessels

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7
Q

Ossicles

A

incus, malleus, stapes

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8
Q

Conductive hearing

A

external & middle ear

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9
Q

sensorineural phase/hearing

A

cochlea and cochlear nerve (CN8)

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10
Q

functions of the nose 3

A

humidification, temperature control of inspired air, cleansing

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11
Q

anterior triangle of neck

A

mandible, sternomastoid, midline of neck

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12
Q

posterior triangle of neck

A

sternomastoid, clavicle, trapezius

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13
Q

presbyopia

A

far sighted

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14
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted

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15
Q

scotomas

A

dark area/spot surrounded by normal vision

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16
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

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17
Q

nevi

A

moles

18
Q

snellin eye chart

A

20 feet from chart, cover an eye, read lines.

19
Q

soft palate innervation

A

CN X

20
Q

thyroid overlays which tracheal rings

A

2,3,4

21
Q

Difficult intubation indications

A

radiation to neck: fibrosis, immobility of larynx. Recent craniotomy: limited mobility. Smoking: Salivation, cough, laryngospasm. Aspiration risk from paryngeal pouch

22
Q

Mallampati score

A

Class I, fully visible tonsils, uvula and soft palate. Class II: visibility of hard and soft palage, upper portion of tonsils and uvula Class III: Soft and hard palate and base of uvula are visible. Class 4: Only hard palate visible.

23
Q

Abnormal facies

A

Cushing’s syndrome. Nephrotic Syndrome, parotid gland enlargement, acromegally, parkinsons

24
Q

Sx for cushing’s

A

(increased adrenal cortisol production produces a round “moon” face with red cheeks, also may have excessive hair growth on face.

25
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome

A

Face is edematous and often pale. Swelling first appears around the eyes and in the morning. Eyes may become slit-like when swelling is severe

26
Q

Parotid Gland enlargement

A

swelling is anterior to eyelobes and above angles of jaw (unilateral)

27
Q

Acromegally

A

increased GH causes enlargement of bone and soft tissues.

28
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

decreased facial mobility-blunts expression-mask-like facies.

29
Q

Abnormalities of the eyes

A

Ptosis, exopthalmos, cataract, glass eye, corneal abrasion

30
Q

Ptosis

A

drooping of the upper eye lid caused by myasthenia gravis (dmg to occulomotor nerve, or damage to sympathetic nerve supply (horner’s)

31
Q

exopthalmos

A

protrusion of eyeball, common with grave’s disease

32
Q

cataract

A

opacities of lenses visible through the pupil, risk factors: old age, smoking, diabetes, corticosteroid use.

33
Q

glass eye

A

limits based on pupillary reaction

34
Q

corneal abrasion

A

complication of anesthesia

35
Q

Abnormalities of ears (chance of being on test <1%)

A

keloid, tophi, rheumatoid nodules, basal cell carcinoma

36
Q

abnormalities of pharynx

A

exudative tonsillitis, torus palatinus, hairy leukoplakia, thrush.

37
Q

exudative tonsillitis

A

whitish exudate on the tonsils that when paired with fever and enlarged lymph nodes = group A strap or strep throat.

38
Q

Torus palatinus

A

midline bony growth in the hard palate that is fairly common in adults, harmless and does not predispose to difficult DL

39
Q

Hairy Leukoplakia

A

whitish raised areas with a feathery pattern most often affecting the sides of the tongue. Unlike candida, these cannot be scraped off-seen in HIV/AIDS infection

40
Q

Thrush

A

Yeast infection forming whitish plaques from Candida albicans-associated with prolonged antibiotic/corticosteroid use & AIDS

Clinical Methods Test 1 (8 decks)

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