HEENT Flashcards
head
-headache is MC pathology
angioedema
-periorbital edema
-puffy pale face
-lips swollen
hypothyroidism
-hair dry and coarse
-lateral eyebrows thin
-periorbital edema
-puffy dull face
-dry skin
parkinsons
-blank stare
-decreased mobility in face
cushing
-flushed cheeks
triangles of neck
-anterior- mandible, SCM, midline of neck -> central line
-posterior- trap, SCM, clavicle
anterior approach to palpate thyroid
-palpate between cricoid and suprasternal notch
-swallow and palpate at the same time
-auscultate with bell
eye minimal exam
-visual acuity
-pupillary reaction
-extraocular movement
-fundoscopic exam
visual acuity
-OD- oculus dexter- right eye
-OS- oculus sinister- left eye
-OU- oculus uterque- both
-pt performance/standard
-must read more than half the letters of line
near reaction
-tests pupillary constriction
-when person shifts from far to near object -> pupils contraict
-accommodation -> increased convexity of lenses due to contraction of ciliary muscles
-accommodation lens changes cannot be visualized
extraocular movement
-4 rectus and 2 oblique muscles
-6 cardinal directions - test all muscles
-LR6, SO4, CN3
-superior and inferior rectus- lateral gaze
-inferior and superior oblique- medial gaze
-convergence- tests the medial rectus
visual field tests
-detection of lesions in anterior and posterior visual pathway
-optic nerve lesion- same eye
-optic chiasm- tunnel vision
-right optic tract- left blindness
-left optic tract- right blindness
optic disc
-disc outline
-color
-physiologic cup
retina
-vessels
-4 quadrants
-fovea and macula
ophthalmoscope
-green- + # -> plus lenses
-red- - # -> minus lenses
-light- controlled by rheostat
-large apertures usually
