Heat and altitude Flashcards
What is cardiovascular drift (4)
Cardiovascular drift is the side effects of exercise in a hot climate
Cardiovascular drift leads to an increased heart rate at given intensity
Reduced plasma volume / (due to) water loss during exercise
(which means) reduced stroke volume to maintain cardiac output HR has to increase
Effects of high altitude on performance (5)
Increased breathing frequency
Decreased blood / plasma volume
Decreased stroke volume
Decreased maximal cardiac output / max heart rate
Reduced VO2 Max
Effects of high altitude on aerobic and anaerobic activities (2)
Lower performance in aerobic activities or decreased aerobic energy production or decreased intensity / duration before fatigue / OBLA
Improved performance in anaerobic activities e.g. Throwing
Define what is meant by ‘acclimatisation to high altitude’.
Adaptation/ get used to a change of environment/ lower O2 levels
Identify effects which exercise in the heat can have on the cardiovascular system. (5)
Increased heart rate/ cardiovascular drift
Vasodilation of arteries/arterioles to skin or increased blood flow to skin
Decreased stroke volume
Decreased venous return
Reduced oxygen/oxygenated blood to muscles
short-term effects of performing at high altitude on the cardiovascular system.
[4]
Increase in heart rate
Decrease in stroke volume
Decrease in blood / plasma volume
Decrease in O2 transport to muscle
short-term effects of performing at high altitude on the respiratory systems. [4]
Increase in tidal volume / depth
Increase in breathing rate / frequency
Decrease in ppO2 in inspired air
Decrease in oxygen diffusion gradient from alveoli to (capillary) blood
How long before a match should a team arrive at this altitude in order to acclimatise?
At least 2 weeks
Describe the physiological processes of acclimatisation to altitude.(4)
Decrease in stroke volume compared to arrival
Increased red blood cell volume
Breathing rate stabilizes
Increased capilirisation
