Heart failure

Question 1

Common cause of heart failure in US

Answer 1

ischemic heart disease

Question 2

How to track severity of heart failure?

Answer 2

BNP
over 300- certain
under 100- not heart failure
between- possible

Question 3

What do medications for heart failure try to balance out?

Answer 3

RAAS system
activated for long term and leads to deterioration
Hold on to sodium and water

Question 4

HfREF is what?

Answer 4

systolic (pumping)

EF is less than or equal to 40

Question 5

HfPEF is what?

Answer 5

diastolic (relaxing)

EF is greater than or equal to 50

Question 6

Muscle hypothesis

Answer 6

changes in muscle may be more explaining for symptoms we see and decreased performance
Metaboreceptors: pick up concentration of metabolites in tissue. Overactive in heart failure. Exaggerated response to exercise
Diaphragm overworks and causes constriction of working muscles (legs, arms) and shunts blood to breathing muscles

Question 7

NYHA classifications and mets able to accomplish

Answer 7

1- greater or equal to 7
2- 5 to 7
3- less than or equal to 5
4- 1

Question 8

What is not a strong predictor of functional capacity in heart failure

Answer 8

ejection fraction

Question 9

Acute heart failure

Answer 9

immediately life threatening

cause of MI

Question 10

Chronic heart failure

Answer 10

can exist in compensated for years

de-compensated- starting to have acute issues, exacerbation of chronic symptoms

Question 11

6MWT is used to predict and assess what?

Answer 11

assess functional capacity
predict mortality (less than 300 m)