Heart Development Flashcards
Seiden
The rough walls from the adult left and right atria are derived from the _____ _____
Primitive Atrium
The Sinus Venosus makes up the smooth walls of the _____ atrium, whereas the proximal pulmonary veins make up the smooth walls of the _____ atrium
Right, Left
From Superior to infrerior, name the 5 parts of the Heart Tube
- Truncus Arteriosus
- Bulbus Cordis
- Ventricle
- Atrium
- Sinus Venosus
During heart development, there are two Septa that are formed and Two Foramen. In four steps, descrive the events of the Atrial Development
- Septum Primum grows down the Atria as the Endocardial Cushions grow to make the AV Canal
- Foramen Secundum apoptoses part of the Septum Primum as primum closes on the bottom with Endocardial cushion fusion
- Septum Secundum covers the Foramen secundum
- Right to left pressure gradient flaps open the bottom half of the Septum primum AKA Foramen OVALE
During heart development what Two key fetal features must happen to reverse the Right Left Gradient?
- Closure of the umbilical Vein
- Lungs and Breathing
Primum type Atrial Septal Defects (ASDs are due to faulty endocardial cushinon fusing to close the septum primum. They are derived from _____ _____ cell migration.
Neural Crest
Secundum type ASD happens when there is too much ______ that causes the whole to remain open. Has nothing to do with neural crest migration and therefore have nothing to do with Valvular defects
Apoptosis
Secundum ASD occur near the _____ _____ of the heart, whereas the primum ASD occurs more near the ______
Foramen Ovalils, Valvular cusp
The embryonic Ventricular septum is an incomplete structure that derives from the _____ _____
Ventricular Wall
The aorticopulmonary septum, which derives form Neural crest cells, divides the Truncus Arteriosus to give rise to the ______ trunk and the ______ trunk
Pulmonary, Ascending Aorta
The membranous Interventricular septum derives from the _______ septum, whereas the Muscular interventricular septum deives from the _____ _____ septum
Aorticopulmonary, Embryonic Ventricular
The tetralogy of Fallot has ______ stenosis, Over-riding ____, ____ ventricular Hypertrophy, and _______ septal defect to results in a Right to left Cyanotic shunt.
Pulmonary, Aorta, Right, Ventricular
Why does the tetralogy of fallot occur?
The Aorticopulmonary septum forms to the right and does not fuse with the Embryonic Ventricular Septum
Persistent Truncus arteriosus occurs when the _______ septum doesn’t form at all, so the blood gets really mixed (Left and Right Shunt), mega cyanosis
Aorticopulmonary
Normally the aorticopulmonary trunk is a spiral, what happens when it isn’t?
You get Transposition of the great arteries,
- Aorta from R.V.
- Pulm trunk from L.V
Before birth, what is a key difference beteween the blood from the SVC and the IVC
The IVC is more oxygenated because it mixes with the umbilical vein that carries oxygenated blood
After entering the right atrium, the flow from the IVC mainly goes through the _____ _____ while the SVC flow goes mainly to the _____ _____. Therefore, the ascending aorta is more oxygenated than the descending aorta.
Foramen Ovale, Right Ventricle
3 main effects from Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Less systemic Flow from Aorta
- Increased pulmonary Flow
- L.V. Hypertrophy
