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A&P Nursing > Heart&Blood > Flashcards

Heart&Blood Flashcards

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1
Q

_________ is the liquid portion of the blood.

A

Plasma

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2
Q

Plasma is _________ of the blood volume.

A

55%

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3
Q

Plasma _____ is water.

A

92%

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4
Q

__________ is the most abundant of all the plasma proteins.

A

Albumin

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5
Q

_________ is a rupture or bursting of red blood cells.

A

Hemolysis

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6
Q

________ is cell eating.

A

Phagocytosis

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7
Q

_____, ______, and _____ all do phagocytosis.

A

Monocytes, neutrophils, and basophils

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8
Q

________ is the process that destroys bacteria.

A

Phagocytosis

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9
Q

Inflammation signs and symptoms:

A

redness, local heat, swelling, and pain.

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10
Q

________ is formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel.

A

Thrombosis

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11
Q

the presence of pathogenic organisms or toxins in the blood

A

Septicemia

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12
Q

About ___ of the population are Rh positive.

A

85%

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13
Q

______ = blood clotting

A

Coagulation

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14
Q

In many inflammations, chemical substances called pyrogens are formed, which are circulated by the _________.

A

hypothalamus.

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15
Q

The _______ controls the temperature.

A

hypothalamus

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16
Q

fever =

A

pyrexia

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17
Q

_________ are activated during an allergic reaction.

A

Basophils

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18
Q

________ is a hereditary disease in which the blood clots slowly or abnormally.

A

Hemophilia

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19
Q

_____ is a deficiency in the number and/or percentage of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.

A

Anemia

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20
Q

______ leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow and spleen.

A

Agranular

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21
Q

_______ is a vital portion of the red blood cells.

A

Hemoglobin

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22
Q

A blood disease which there is a decrease in the number of platelets is __________.

A

Thrombocytopenia

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23
Q

Immobility can cause ______.

A

thrombosis

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24
Q

When the patient is a donor for him/her self it is an _________.

A

autologous transplant

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25
Q

the donor shares the same genetic type as the patient.

A

Allogenic transplant

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26
Q

Type A- can receive a transfusion from ___ or _____

A

A- or O-

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27
Q

________is the process where cells can move through intercellular spaces.

A

Diapedesis

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28
Q

______, ________, _______, and _______ can perform diapedesis.

A

Basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

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29
Q

The average adult has _______ of blood.

A

8 to 10 pints

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30
Q

________ is necessary for clotting.

A

Fibrinogen

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31
Q

Another name for red blood cells is ______.

A

erythrocytes.

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32
Q

________ are biconcave disks.

A

Erythrocytes

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33
Q

The manufacture of red blood cells is called _________.

A

Erythropoiesis

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34
Q

White blood cells are _______.

A

leukocytes

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35
Q

Clotting time for humans is _______.

A

5 to 15 minutes

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36
Q

The four types of blood are:

A

A, B, O, and AB.

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37
Q

________ is a universal donor.

A

Type O-

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38
Q

________ is a universal recipient.

A

Type AB+

39
Q

Disease that causes abnormally shaped red blood cells

A

sickle cell anemia

40
Q

poly

A

many

41
Q

gen

A

producing

42
Q

leuko/cyte

A

white blood cell

43
Q

mono

A

one

44
Q

emia

A

blood

45
Q

hema

A

blood

46
Q

thrombo

A

clot

47
Q

patho

A

disease

48
Q

poiesis

A

formation of

49
Q

edem/a

A

presence of swelling

50
Q

an

A

without

51
Q

After ______ without blood flow, the brain cells are irreversibly damaged.

A

4 to 5 minutes

52
Q

The human heart weighs ________.

A

less than one pound

53
Q

The heart is a ______ pump.

A

double

54
Q

A defect in a heart valve is a _____.

A

murmur

55
Q

A _______ is a surgically implanted electric device that regulates the heartbeat.

A

pacemaker

56
Q

______ is the sound made by the heart valves closing.

A

Lubb Dubb

57
Q

The Purkinje Fibers are located in the _____.

A

ventricles

58
Q

_______ is the change or deviation from the normal rate or rhythm of the heart.

A

Arrhythmia

59
Q

_____ are medications that can lower blood cholesterol levels.

A

Statins

60
Q

The risks for heart disease:

A

high cholesterol, hypertension, family history, diabetes, smoking, lack of exercise

61
Q

To decrease risk of heart disease:

A

30 minutes of exercise most days of the week.

62
Q

______ penetrates the skin or body cavity.

A

Invasive

63
Q

Total cholesterol should be

A

less than 200mg/ dl

64
Q

______ is severe chest pain when the heart doesn’t get enough oxygen.

A

Angina pectoris

65
Q

______- the term used for rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute)

A

Tachycardia

66
Q

The ______ (pacemaker) sends out an electrical impulse that begins and regulates the heart.

A

SA node

67
Q

cardiac muscle tissue

A

Myocardium

68
Q

The _____ of the heart lies along the diaphragm and points to the left of the body.

A

apex

69
Q

All nurses must be proficient in ___.

A

CPR

70
Q

the large venous blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

A

vena cava

71
Q

The _______ is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.

A

bicuspid (mitral) valve

72
Q

The ______ contains deoxygenated blood.

A

pulmonary artery

73
Q

stroke volume x heart rate =

A

cardiac output

74
Q

The QRS wave represents a…

A

contraction of the ventricles.

75
Q

The type of cholesterol least likely to lead in heart disease is ____ cholesterol.

A

HDL

76
Q

Blood leaves the heart through ______.

A

arteries

77
Q

The heart is in the ______ cavity.

A

Thoracic

78
Q

the double layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart

A

pericardium

79
Q

The four valves of the heart are

A

tricuspid, bicuspid, pulmonary semilunar, aortic semilunar

80
Q

The total blood ejected from the human heart is about

A

5000 ml

81
Q

slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute)

A

bradycardia

82
Q

an inflammation of the heart muscle

A

myocarditis

83
Q

The blood contains ______ and other fat substances called _______.

A

cholesterol, trigylcerides

84
Q

a procedure to help open clogged vessels

A

Angioplasty

85
Q

The device that shocks the heart

A

defibrillator

86
Q

a narrowing of the arteries that supply oxygen to the heart muscle

A

Coronary Artery Disease

87
Q

a small portable battery operated EKG machine

A

Holter monitor

88
Q

blood thinners given during the first 12 hours after a MI

A

thrombolytic therapy

89
Q

measures cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides levels

A

Lipid panel

90
Q

drugs that reduce the amount of fluid in the body

A

diuretics

91
Q

is an insertion of a catheter into the heart, a dye is inserted and pictures are taken

A

cardiac catheterization

92
Q

a “complete heart block.”

A

Third-degree block

93
Q

tiny webbed, stainless steel devices, which hold arteries open after an angioplasty

A

cardiac stents

A&P Nursing (3 decks)

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