Heart&Blood Flashcards
_________ is the liquid portion of the blood.
Plasma
Plasma is _________ of the blood volume.
55%
Plasma _____ is water.
92%
__________ is the most abundant of all the plasma proteins.
Albumin
_________ is a rupture or bursting of red blood cells.
Hemolysis
________ is cell eating.
Phagocytosis
_____, ______, and _____ all do phagocytosis.
Monocytes, neutrophils, and basophils
________ is the process that destroys bacteria.
Phagocytosis
Inflammation signs and symptoms:
redness, local heat, swelling, and pain.
________ is formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel.
Thrombosis
the presence of pathogenic organisms or toxins in the blood
Septicemia
About ___ of the population are Rh positive.
85%
______ = blood clotting
Coagulation
In many inflammations, chemical substances called pyrogens are formed, which are circulated by the _________.
hypothalamus.
The _______ controls the temperature.
hypothalamus
fever =
pyrexia
_________ are activated during an allergic reaction.
Basophils
________ is a hereditary disease in which the blood clots slowly or abnormally.
Hemophilia
_____ is a deficiency in the number and/or percentage of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.
Anemia
______ leukocytes are formed in the bone marrow and spleen.
Agranular
_______ is a vital portion of the red blood cells.
Hemoglobin
A blood disease which there is a decrease in the number of platelets is __________.
Thrombocytopenia
Immobility can cause ______.
thrombosis
When the patient is a donor for him/her self it is an _________.
autologous transplant
the donor shares the same genetic type as the patient.
Allogenic transplant
Type A- can receive a transfusion from ___ or _____
A- or O-
________is the process where cells can move through intercellular spaces.
Diapedesis
______, ________, _______, and _______ can perform diapedesis.
Basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
The average adult has _______ of blood.
8 to 10 pints
________ is necessary for clotting.
Fibrinogen
Another name for red blood cells is ______.
erythrocytes.
________ are biconcave disks.
Erythrocytes
The manufacture of red blood cells is called _________.
Erythropoiesis
White blood cells are _______.
leukocytes
Clotting time for humans is _______.
5 to 15 minutes
The four types of blood are:
A, B, O, and AB.
________ is a universal donor.
Type O-
________ is a universal recipient.
Type AB+
Disease that causes abnormally shaped red blood cells
sickle cell anemia
poly
many
gen
producing
leuko/cyte
white blood cell
mono
one
emia
blood
hema
blood
thrombo
clot
patho
disease
poiesis
formation of
edem/a
presence of swelling
an
without
After ______ without blood flow, the brain cells are irreversibly damaged.
4 to 5 minutes
The human heart weighs ________.
less than one pound
The heart is a ______ pump.
double
A defect in a heart valve is a _____.
murmur
A _______ is a surgically implanted electric device that regulates the heartbeat.
pacemaker
______ is the sound made by the heart valves closing.
Lubb Dubb
The Purkinje Fibers are located in the _____.
ventricles
_______ is the change or deviation from the normal rate or rhythm of the heart.
Arrhythmia
_____ are medications that can lower blood cholesterol levels.
Statins
The risks for heart disease:
high cholesterol, hypertension, family history, diabetes, smoking, lack of exercise
To decrease risk of heart disease:
30 minutes of exercise most days of the week.
______ penetrates the skin or body cavity.
Invasive
Total cholesterol should be
less than 200mg/ dl
______ is severe chest pain when the heart doesn’t get enough oxygen.
Angina pectoris
______- the term used for rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats per minute)
Tachycardia
The ______ (pacemaker) sends out an electrical impulse that begins and regulates the heart.
SA node
cardiac muscle tissue
Myocardium
The _____ of the heart lies along the diaphragm and points to the left of the body.
apex
All nurses must be proficient in ___.
CPR
the large venous blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
vena cava
The _______ is located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
bicuspid (mitral) valve
The ______ contains deoxygenated blood.
pulmonary artery
stroke volume x heart rate =
cardiac output
The QRS wave represents a…
contraction of the ventricles.
The type of cholesterol least likely to lead in heart disease is ____ cholesterol.
HDL
Blood leaves the heart through ______.
arteries
The heart is in the ______ cavity.
Thoracic
the double layer of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart
pericardium
The four valves of the heart are
tricuspid, bicuspid, pulmonary semilunar, aortic semilunar
The total blood ejected from the human heart is about
5000 ml
slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute)
bradycardia
an inflammation of the heart muscle
myocarditis
The blood contains ______ and other fat substances called _______.
cholesterol, trigylcerides
a procedure to help open clogged vessels
Angioplasty
The device that shocks the heart
defibrillator
a narrowing of the arteries that supply oxygen to the heart muscle
Coronary Artery Disease
a small portable battery operated EKG machine
Holter monitor
blood thinners given during the first 12 hours after a MI
thrombolytic therapy
measures cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides levels
Lipid panel
drugs that reduce the amount of fluid in the body
diuretics
is an insertion of a catheter into the heart, a dye is inserted and pictures are taken
cardiac catheterization
a “complete heart block.”
Third-degree block
tiny webbed, stainless steel devices, which hold arteries open after an angioplasty
cardiac stents
