Chapter 9 Flashcards
analgesic
drug that reduces pain
autonomic N/S
collection of nerves, ganglia, and plexsus through which visceral organs, heart, blood vessels, glands, and smooth (involuntary) muscles receive stimulation
Bell’s Palsy
disorder that affects the facial nerve. The patient seems to have had a stroke on one side of the face. The eye does not close properly, the mouth drops, and there is numbness on the affected side.
biofeedback
a measurement of physiological responses that yields information about the relationship between the mind and the body and helps people learn how to manipulate those responses through mental activity
carpal tunnel syndrome
a condition that affects the median nerve and the flexor tendons that attach to the bones of the wrist
Cranial nerves
12 pairs which begin in areas of the brain
effector
the responding organs
electromyograph (EMG)
device used to measure electrical muscle activity
ergonomics
the application of biology and engineering to the relationship between the worker and their environment; also called biotechnology
femoral nerve
found in the lumbar plexus; stimulates the hip and leg
mixed nerve
contains both sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) fibers
motor (efferent) nerve
nerve fibers carries impulses from the brain or spinal cord to muscles, organs, or glands
neuralgia
a sudden, severe, sharp, stabbing pain along the pathway of a nerve
neuritis
an inflammation of a nerve or a nerve trunk
parasympathetic system
division of the autonomic nervous system inhibits or opposes the effects of the sympathetic system; has two important active nerves: the vagus and the pelvic nerves
parasthesia
sensation of tingling, crawling or burning of skin
peripheral N/S
consists of all the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord with sensory receptors, muscles, and glands
phrenic nerve
stimulates the diaphram
plexus
a network of spinal nerves
radial nerve
found in the brachial plexus; it stimulates the wrist and hand
receptor
sensory nerve that receives a stimulus and transmits it to the CNS
reflex
involuntary action; automatic response
sciatica
neuritis of the sciatic nerve
sciatic nerve
largest nerve in the body; originates in the sacrel plexus, runs through the pelvis and down the leg
sensory (afferent) nerve
nerve fibers carrying impulses to the brain or spinal cord from the muscles or glands
shingles (herpes zoster)
a virus infection of the nerve endings
somatic N/S
conducts impulses from the brain and the spinal cord to skeletal muscles
spinal nerves
31 pairs, originate in the spinal cord
stimulus
any change in environment
sympathetic system
consists primarily of two cords, beginning at the base of the brain and proceeding down both sides of the spinal column
trigeminal neuralgia
painful condition affecting the fifth cranial nerve; also known as tic douloureux
