heart and circulatory system

Question 1

describe the structure of the heart

Answer 1

• right atrium receives de-oxygenated blood through the vena cava
• this blood moves to the right ventricle and is pumped up to the lungs to become oxygenated
• left atrium receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs from the pulmonary vein
• the oxygenated blood moves to the left ventricle and pumped around the whole body via the aorta.

Question 2

what’s the difference between a vein and artery

Answer 2

vein - blood to the heart, always de oxygenated except for pulmonary vein

artery - blood to the body, always oxygenated except for pulmonary artery

Question 3

what is hepatic to do with?

Answer 3

the liver

Question 4

what is renal to do with?

Answer 4

the kidneys

Question 5

what is pulmonary to do with?

Answer 5

the lungs

Question 6

what are the biological consequences of smoking?

Answer 6

• increases blood pressure which can cause damage to the inside of coronary arteries
• chemicals in the cigarettes can also cause damage to them
• this damage makes it more likely that fatty deposits will form, narrowing the arteries leading to coronary heart disease. so blood flow is restricted therefore lack of oxygen gets to the hart which can lead to heart attacks.

Question 7

what are 3 factors that increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease.

Answer 7

• smoking
• a diet high in saturated fats
• lack of activity.