Heart and circulation Flashcards
After the vena cava, describe blood flow
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
Where is the right atrioventricular valve? What is it called?
between the right atrium and ventricles, called the Tricuspid
Where is the left atrioventricular valve? What is it called?
between the left atrium and ventricle. Called the bicuspid valve (or the Mitral valve)
what are the two structures unique to the fetal heart?
The Foramen Ovale and the Ductus Arteriosus
what closes the fetal foramen ovale?
a slight reversal of blood flow
describe the 4 steps of heart contraction by listing the corresponding area of electrical activity.
SA node, AV node. Bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
What does the SA node do?
spread an electrical pulse across the atria
AV node?
Delays signals betweeen SA node and bundle branches.
Bundle branches
Pass signals to the apex. Causes small dip before huge spike on ECG
Purkinje Fibers
spread signals across the ventricles. Cause the huge spike on the ECG
What is the specialized tissue that causes the heart to be able to beat after removal even?
Nodal Tissue. Includes SA node, AV node. Bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
where is the Bicuspid?
Between the left atrium and ventricle
where is the tricuspid?
between the right atrium and ventricle
What tissues make up an artery?
Epithelium, smooth muscle, connective tissue
what tissue do veins lack when compared to arteries
none, but they are wider in diameter and have valves
where is blood pressure highest in a capillary bed?
the arterial end
Which side of the heart is more muscular
left ventricle because it has to pump blood to the rest of the body.
where is foramen ovale
between atria
where is ductus arteriosis
aorta
ductus venosis?
hepactic duct to placenta/umbilical
