Heart and cardiovascular system Flashcards
Location of heart
Thorax between the lungs in the inferior mediastinum
Size of heart
size of fist
Layers of the heart wall
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
surface of the heart
visceral pericardium
Four valves of the heart
tricuspid, bicuspid, pulmonary, aortic
Flow of blood through the heart
Deoxygenated blood enters into the heart through the superior and inferior vena cava.
Blood travels into the right atrium and flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
Blood is pushed through the pulmonary valve into the
pulmonary artery and lungs when the right ventricle contracts and pick up oxygen.
Oxygenated blood is then carried back to the heart by the pulmonary veins into the left atrium through the mitral valve and into the left ventricle.
Contraction of the left ventricle forces the blood through the aortic valve, through the aorta, and out to the entire body.
arteries that supply the myocardium
right and left coronary arteries
veins that drain the myocardium
cardiac veins
cardiac muscle tissue
specialized muscle tissue found only in the heart, striated, involuntary
Pacemaker of the heart
SA node
Normal EKG waves
-P Wave - caused by depolarization of atria
-QRS Complex - caused by depolarization of ventricles
-T Wave - caused by repolarization of ventricles
Stroke Volume (SV)
The volume of blood pumped forward with each ventricular contraction.
normal stroke volume
70 ml/beat
Left side of heart
-Fully oxygenated blood arrives from lungs via pulmonary veins
-Blood sent to all organs of the body via aorta
Right side of the heart
-Oxygen-poor blood arrives from inferior and superior venae cave
-Blood sent to lungs via pulmonary trunk