Heart Anatomy

Question 1

What are the relations of the heart and the roots of the great vessels in the pericardial sac

Answer 1

• Posterior aspect of the sternum
• Medial ends of 4th and 5th ribs on the left

Question 2

Where does the coronary sinus lie and what 3 veins drain into it?

Answer 2

Lies in the Posterior part of the coronary groove

• Great cardiac vein lies at its left
• Middle cardiac vein lies on its right
• Small cardiac veins lie on its right

Question 3

Which cardiac vein drains into the right atrium directly?

Answer 3

Anterior cardiac vain (smallest of the cardiac veins)

Question 4

Where is the aortic sinus and what arteries branch off from here

Answer 4

Located at the early proximal part of the ascending aorta.

• RCA arises from right aortic sinus
• LMS arises from left aortic sinus (lies posteriorly)

Question 5

What does the RCA supply?

Answer 5

• Right atrium
• Diaphragmatic part of RV
• AVN (80% cases)
• SAN (60% cases)
• Posterior 1/3 of inter-ventricular septum

Question 6

What does the LMS/LCA supply?

Answer 6

• Left atrium
• Most of LV
• Anterior 2/3 of inter ventricular system
• SAN (40% cases)

Question 7

What is the innervation of the heart?

Answer 7

• Autonomic fibres from Superficial and Deep cardiac plexus
• Parasympathetic supply is from presynaptic fibres of the VAGUS nerve

Question 8

What are the relations of the superficial and deep cardiac plexus?

Answer 8

• Anterior to the bifurcation of the trachea
• Posterior to the Ascending Aorta
• Superior to the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk

Question 9

What are the 2 heart valves attached to chordae tendinae?

Answer 9

Mitral (left) and Tricuspid (right)

Question 10

At what point does the brachiocephalic artery branch?

Answer 10

At level of sternoclavicular joint

• Right subclavian artery
• Right common carotid artery