Heart Flashcards
What is Stress?
General term for any condition that actually or potentially poses a serious challenge to the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis.
Different types of stress
Psychological
Physical
What is haemorrhage?
Significant loss of blood over a short time spell
Rapid short-term response
“Fight or flight”
Sympathetic autonomic nervous system.
Long-lasting body responses
Endocrine system
Adrenal glands
Two small glands above kidney.
Breakdown of stores of glycogen to release glucose in the bloodstream
Glycogenolysis
Release glucose from pre-cursors in the liver
Gluconeogenesis
Vasoconstriction alpha 1
Noradrenaline
Vasodilation in skeletal muscle beta 2
Adrenaline
Familiar emotional stress
Increases the release of noradrenaline
Unfamiliar stress
Increases the release of adrenaline
Adenoma of the adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytoma
Symptoms of pheochromocytoma:
Hypertension
Increased heart rate
Increased blood glucose
Increased sweating
Cortisol is released by:
Adrenal cortex
CRH from:
Hypothalamus
ACTH from:
Anterior pituitary
Effects of cortisol
Increase blood pressure
Increase heart rate
Anti-inflammatory response
Cushing’s disease
The over secretion or hypersecretion of cortisol
The under secretion (hyposecretion) of cortisol usually caused by the damage of the adrenal cortex
Addison’s disease
Fainting. What response?
Parasympathetic
