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Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 4 chambers of heart

A

Left and right atrium

Left and right ventricle

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2
Q

What kind of blood does right atrium receive?

A

Deoxygenated blood

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3
Q

Where does right ventricle pump blood to?

A

Lungs

Via pulmonary artery

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4
Q

What type of blood does left atrium receive?

A

Oxygenated blood

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5
Q

What vein does blood from lungs go through?

A

Pulmonary vein

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6
Q

Which ventricle has a thicker wall and why?

A

Left because it has to pump blood around the whole body at high pressure

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7
Q

What do valves do?

A

Prevent backflow of blood in heart

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8
Q

What is formula for cardiac output?

A

Heart rate bpm x stroke volume cm3

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9
Q

Function of arteries?

A

Carry blood away from heart

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10
Q

Function of capillaries?

A

Exchange of materials at tissues

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11
Q

Function of veins?

A

Carry blood to heart

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12
Q

Name of hole in blood vessels?

A

Lumen

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13
Q

Describe artery walls

A

Strong
Elastic
Thick

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14
Q

Describe capillary walls

A

Semi permeable

Allows diffusion of substances

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15
Q

What waste products do capillaries transport?

A

Carbon dioxide

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16
Q

Explain advantage of capillary walls being one cell thick

A

Increases rate of diffusion

17
Q

Another name for red blood cells?

A

Erythrocytes

18
Q

What are 4 main things in blood?

A

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma

19
Q

Job of red blood cells?

A

To carry oxygen from lungs to all cells

20
Q

Why are red blood cells shaped like a donut?

A

To increase surface area

21
Q

Do RBC have a nucleus?

A

No

Allows more room to carry oxygen

22
Q

What makes RBC red?

A

Haemoglobin

23
Q

Do white blood cells have a nucleus?

A

Yes

24
Q

Name 2 types of white blood cells?

A

Phagocytes

Lymphocytes

25
Q

What do lymphocytes produce?

A

Antibodies against microorganisms

26
Q

Why do you have a high white blood cells count?

A

When have an infection

Multiply to fight it off

27
Q

Function of platelets?

A

Help blood clotting

28
Q

What can lack of platelets cause?

A

Excessive bleeding

Bruising

29
Q

What is liquid in blood called?

A

Plasma

30
Q

What is carried in plasma?

A 
Blood cells
Platelets 
Nutrients 
Carbon dioxide 
Hormones 
Antibodies
31
Q

Word equation for aerobic respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen = water + carbon dioxide + energy

32
Q

Complete word equation for anaerobic respiration

A

Glucose = lactic acid

33
Q

What is area between 2 sides of heart?

A

Septum

Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology (4 decks)

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