Heart

Question 1

What is systole/systolic?

Answer 1

When the ventricle chamber contracts and pushes blood into the arteries ejecting blood out of the heart

Question 2

What is diastolic?

Answer 2

When the heart is refilling

Question 3

What is the pulse?

Answer 3

The heart pump/beat

Question 4

Define cardiac output

Answer 4

The amount of blood that leaves the heart in 1 minute

Question 5

How do you work out the Cardiac output?

Answer 5

Stroke volume times by the heart rate

Question 6

What is stroke volume?

Answer 6

Volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle by one contraction

Question 7

What is the heart rate?

Answer 7

Number of times the heart beats in one minute

Question 8

Is the heart an organ or a muscle?

Answer 8

Muscle

Question 9

What is the role of the Vena cavas?

Answer 9

It’s the vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

Question 10

What is the role of the right atrium?

Answer 10

One of the 2 upper chambers of the heart, where blood enters.

Question 11

What is the role of the right ventricle?

Answer 11

One of the two lower chambers of the heart, where blood leaves?

Question 12

What is the role of the aorta?

Answer 12

Artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body?

Question 13

What is the role of the pulmonary artery?

Answer 13

It is the artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 14

What is the role of the pulmonary veins?

Answer 14

The veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Question 15

What is the role of the left atrium?

Answer 15

One of the two upper chambers of the heart where blood enters

Question 16

What is the role of left ventricle?

Answer 16

One of the two lower chambers of the heart where blood leaves

Question 17

What is the role of the septum?

Answer 17

This seperates the left side from the right side of the heart

Question 18

What is the role of the valve on the right side of the heart?

Answer 18

One way gate that seperates the right atrium from the right ventricle

Question 19

What is the role of the valve of the left side of the heart?

Answer 19

A one way gate that seperates the left atrium from the left ventricle

Question 20

What is the role of the valve near the middle of the heart?

Answer 20

A one way gate that stops blood flowing back into the heart

Question 21

What is blood pressure?

Answer 21

The force of the blood going through the veins

Question 22

What are the 5 main places to find a pulse?

Answer 22

Temple
Neck/carotid
Wrist/radial
Thumb
Groin/femoral - biggest artery

Question 23

What is the average resting cardiac output?

Answer 23

5litres of blood per min

Question 24

What is the vascular shunt?

Answer 24

When blood is redistributed to the working muscles duing exercise and less is sent to the other organs

Question 25

Vasoconstriction

Answer 25

Blood vessels constrict, getting smaller and tighter, reducing blood flow

Question 26

Vasodilation

Answer 26

Blood vessels widen and allow increased blood flow

Question 27

Pathway of deoxygenated blood

Answer 27

Vena Cava→right atrium→tricuspid valve→right ventricle→semiluna valve→pulmonary artery→lungs

Question 28

Pathway of oxygenated blood

Answer 28

Pulmonary vein→left atrium→bicuspid valve→left ventricle→semilunar valve→aorta→body

Question 29

Structural features of an artery

Answer 29

Thick muscular wall (thickest) Small internal diameter (cross sectional area) Deals with high viscosity and blood pressure Don't have valves A pulse can be found

Question 30

Structural features of a vein

Answer 30

Thinner walls compared to artery Larger internal diameter (cross sectional area) of an artery Deal with low and slow blood pressure Have valves to stop backflow

Question 31

Function of an artery

Answer 31

Take blood away from the heart

Question 32

Function of a vein

Answer 32

Bring blood back to the heart

Question 33

Effect on cardiac output when you exercise

Answer 33

Increases

Question 34

Average resting heart rate

Answer 34

75bpm

Question 35

Anticipatory rise

Answer 35

Heart rate starts to rise slightly before exercise as you anticipate the activity.

Question 36

Short term effect of exercise

Answer 36

Temperature - Get hotter Sweat Muscular system - micro tears (weight training) Skeletal system - Increased production of synovial fluid Respiratory response - Breathe deeper and more frequently your TV and respiratory rates will all increse Cardiac - EVERYTHING INCREASES