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GCSE PE > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

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1
Q

What is systole/systolic?

A

When the ventricle chamber contracts and pushes blood into the arteries ejecting blood out of the heart

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2
Q

What is diastolic?

A

When the heart is refilling

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3
Q

What is the pulse?

A

The heart pump/beat

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4
Q

Define cardiac output

A

The amount of blood that leaves the heart in 1 minute

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5
Q

How do you work out the Cardiac output?

A

Stroke volume times by the heart rate

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6
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

Volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle by one contraction

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7
Q

What is the heart rate?

A

Number of times the heart beats in one minute

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8
Q

Is the heart an organ or a muscle?

A

Muscle

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9
Q

What is the role of the Vena cavas?

A

It’s the vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

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10
Q

What is the role of the right atrium?

A

One of the 2 upper chambers of the heart, where blood enters.

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11
Q

What is the role of the right ventricle?

A

One of the two lower chambers of the heart, where blood leaves?

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12
Q

What is the role of the aorta?

A

Artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body?

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13
Q

What is the role of the pulmonary artery?

A

It is the artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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14
Q

What is the role of the pulmonary veins?

A

The veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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15
Q

What is the role of the left atrium?

A

One of the two upper chambers of the heart where blood enters

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16
Q

What is the role of left ventricle?

A

One of the two lower chambers of the heart where blood leaves

17
Q

What is the role of the septum?

A

This seperates the left side from the right side of the heart

18
Q

What is the role of the valve on the right side of the heart?

A

One way gate that seperates the right atrium from the right ventricle

19
Q

What is the role of the valve of the left side of the heart?

A

A one way gate that seperates the left atrium from the left ventricle

20
Q

What is the role of the valve near the middle of the heart?

A

A one way gate that stops blood flowing back into the heart

21
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The force of the blood going through the veins

22
Q

What are the 5 main places to find a pulse?

A 
Temple
Neck/carotid
Wrist/radial
Thumb
Groin/femoral - biggest artery
23
Q

What is the average resting cardiac output?

A

5litres of blood per min

24
Q

What is the vascular shunt?

A

When blood is redistributed to the working muscles duing exercise and less is sent to the other organs

25
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Blood vessels constrict, getting smaller and tighter, reducing blood flow

26
Q

Vasodilation

A

Blood vessels widen and allow increased blood flow

27
Q

Pathway of deoxygenated blood

A

Vena Cava→right atrium→tricuspid valve→right ventricle→semiluna valve→pulmonary artery→lungs

28
Q

Pathway of oxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary vein→left atrium→bicuspid valve→left ventricle→semilunar valve→aorta→body

29
Q

Structural features of an artery

A

Thick muscular wall (thickest)
Small internal diameter (cross sectional area)
Deals with high viscosity and blood pressure
Don’t have valves
A pulse can be found

30
Q

Structural features of a vein

A

Thinner walls compared to artery
Larger internal diameter (cross sectional area) of an artery
Deal with low and slow blood pressure
Have valves to stop backflow

31
Q

Function of an artery

A

Take blood away from the heart

32
Q

Function of a vein

A

Bring blood back to the heart

33
Q

Effect on cardiac output when you exercise

A

Increases

34
Q

Average resting heart rate

A

75bpm

35
Q

Anticipatory rise

A

Heart rate starts to rise slightly before exercise as you anticipate the activity.

36
Q

Short term effect of exercise

A

Temperature - Get hotter
Sweat

Muscular system - micro tears (weight training)

Skeletal system - Increased production of synovial fluid

Respiratory response - Breathe deeper and more frequently your TV and respiratory rates will all increse

Cardiac - EVERYTHING INCREASES

GCSE PE (4 decks)

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