Heart

Question 1

Bruit

Answer 1

A harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory sound, especially an abnormal one

Question 2

A harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory sound, especially an abnormal one

Answer 2

Bruit

Question 3

Cor pulmonale

Answer 3

Enlargement of the right ventricle secondary to chronic lung disease

Question 4

Enlargement of the right ventricle secondary to chronic lung disease

Answer 4

Cor pulmonale

Question 5

Palpitations

Answer 5

Forcible or irregular pulsation of the heart, perceptible to the patient, usually with an increase in frequency or force, with or without irregularity in rhythm

Question 6

Forcible or irregular pulsation of the heart, perceptible to the patient, usually with an increase in frequency or force, with or without irregularity in rhythm

Answer 6

Palpitations

Question 7

Thrill

Answer 7

A fine, palpable sensation

Question 8

A fine, palpable sensation

Answer 8

Thrill

Question 9

Which valve is auscultated at the right 2nd intercostal space?

Answer 9

Aortic

Question 10

Aortic valve auscultation area

Answer 10

Right 2nd intercostal space

Question 11

Which valve is auscultated at the left 2nd intercostal space?

Answer 11

Pulmonic

Question 12

Pulmonic valve auscultation area

Answer 12

Left 2nd intercostal space

Question 13

Which valve is auscultated at the left 5th intercostal space (apex)?

Answer 13

Mitral

Question 14

Mitral valve auscultation area

Answer 14

Left 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line

Question 15

Which valve is auscultated at the left sternal border?

Answer 15

Tricuspid

Question 16

Tricuspid valve auscultation area

Answer 16

Left sternal border

Question 17

What does the endocardium cover?

Answer 17

Chambers, valves, chordae tendinae

Question 18

What is the diaphragm used for?

Answer 18

Higher pitched sounds, S1, S2, breath sounds

Question 19

What is the bell used for?

Answer 19

Low pitched sounds, S3, S4

Question 20

When are murmors heard in diastole pathologic?

Answer 20

Always

Question 21

What are ejection clicks or ejection sounds?

Answer 21

Turbulence produced when flow is abnormal across a semilunar valve

Question 22

When is aortic ejection sound heard?

Answer 22

Early systole

Question 23

How does aortic ejection sound?

Answer 23

High pitched, often radiates up into carotids, not affected by respiration

Question 24

When is pulmonary ejection sound heard?

Answer 24

Early systole

Question 25

How does pulmonary ejection sound?

Answer 25

Less intense than aortic ejection sound, intensifies on expiration and decreases on inspiration

Question 26

What is the opening snap?

Answer 26

Diastolic event that is the sound of the opening of a pathologically deformed mitral valve commonly heard in cases of mitral valve stenosis

Question 27

When is the opening snap heard?

Answer 27

Very briefly early in diastole, before an S3 is heard

Question 28

How does the opening snap sound?

Answer 28

High pitched, sharp snap or click sound, not affected by respiration, easily confused with S2

Question 29

How does pericardial friction rub sound?

Answer 29

Intense grating sound that may be loud enough to mimic a murmur. Best heard at the apex; heard in both diastole and systole

Question 30

How does a mitral valve prolapse sound?

Answer 30

Commonly associated with mid-systolic click over the mitral area and a soft mid to late systolic murmur. At times referred to as the “click-murmur” syndrome