Breast and axilla Flashcards
Duct ectasia
Benign condition of the subareolar ducts that can cause a nipple discharge
Benign condition of the subareolar ducts that can cause a nipple discharge
Duct ectasia
Galactorrhea
Lactation not associated with childbearing
Lactation not associated with childbearing
Galactorrhea
Intraductal papillomas
Benign tumors of the subareolar ducts that produce a nipple discharge
Benign tumors of the subareolar ducts that produce a nipple discharge
Intraductal papillomas
Mastodynia
Breast pain
Breast pain
Mastodynia
Montgomery follicles
Tiny sebaceous glands that may appear on the areola
Tiny sebaceous glands that may appear on the areola
Montgomery follicles
Paget disease
Skin manifestations that are indicative of ductal carcinoma
Skin manifestations that are indicative of ductal carcinoma
Paget disease
Peau d’orange
Skin changes of the breast due to edema caused by blockage of the lymph drainage associated with inflammatory breast cancer
Skin changes of the breast due to edema caused by blockage of the lymph drainage associated with inflammatory breast cancer
Peau d’orange
Tail of Spence
Area where most malignancies occur
Area where most malignancies occur
Tail of Spence
Thelarche
Beginning of female pubertal breast development
Beginning of female pubertal breast development
Thelarche
Tanner Stage 1
Only nipple is raised
Tanner stage: only nipple is raised
Stage 1
Tanner Stage 2
Elevation of breast and papilla as a small mound; enlargement of diameter of areola
Tanner stage: elevation of breast and papilla as a small mound; enlargement of diameter of areola
Stage 2
Tanner Stage 3
Further enlargement of breast and areola with no separation of contours
Tanner stage: further enlargement of breast and areola with no separation of contours
Stage 3
Tanner Stage 4
Areola projected above breast as a secondary mound
Tanner stage: areola projected above breast as a secondary mound
Stage 4
Tanner stage 5
Recession of areola mound to the general contour of the breast; projection of papilla only
Tanner stage: recession of areola mound to the general contour of the breast; projection of papilla only
Stage 5
When does the onset of breast development occur?
1 year prior to pubic hair; 2 years prior to menarche; completed within 4 years
What are the five D’s related to nipples?
- Discharge2. Depression or inversion3. Discoloration4. Dermatologic changes5. Deviation
What are signs and symptoms of fibrocystic changes?
20-50yo, usually bilateral, multiple or single, round, soft-to-firm (usually elastic), mobile, no retraction, often tender, well defined borders, variation with menses
What are signs and symptoms of fibroadenomas?
12-25yo, up to 55yo, usually bilateral, single; may be multiple, round, disc-like, or lobular, usually firm / rubbery, very mobile, no retraction, usually nontender, well defined borders, no variations with menses
What are signs and symptoms of breast cancer?
30-90yo, most common over 50yo, usually unilateral, single, may coexist, irregular or stellate, firm / hard / stone-like, fixed, usually have retraction, usually nontender, poorly defined borders / irregular, no variations with menses
When is the best time to examine breasts?
5-7 days after onset of menses
What are the most important symptoms of breast disease?
- Presence of a mass2. Breast pain3. Nipple discharge
What percent of breast masses are caused by benign lesions?
90%
