Heart Flashcards
What does proximal mean?
Towards the trunk, near the origin
What does distal mean?
Away from the trunk, far from the origin
What does anterior mean?
Toward the front
What does posterior mean?
Towards the back / behind
What does lateral mean?
Away from the midline of the body
What does medial mean?
Towards the midline of the body
What does superior mean?
Above
What does inferior mean?
Below
What does peripheral mean?
Away from the centre of the body
What does superficial mean?
Near outer surface skin (external)
What does deep mean?
Away from the surface of the skin (internal)
What does supine mean?
Lying on back, face upwards
What does prone mean?
Lying on front, face downwards
What do the coronary arteries do?
The blood vessels supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
What do the artria do?
Receive blood returning to your heart from either the body or lungs and are the upper chambers of the heart.
What does the right atrium do?
It receives deoxygenated blood via the superior and inferior vena cava
What does the left atrium do?
It receives oxygenated blood from the left and right pulmonary veins
What do the ventricles do?
They are the pumping chambers of the heart and they have thicker walls than the artria.
What does the right ventricle do?
It lumps blood to the pulmonary (lungs) circulation for the lungs.
What does the left ventricle do?
It pumps blood to the systemic circulation for the body.
What does the septum do?
The dividing membrane which separates the right and left sides of the heart tissue.
What does the bicuspid (mitral) valve do?
It’s between the left atrium and left ventricle and blood only flows in one direction.
What is the tricuspid valve?
It’s between the right atrium and right ventricle and blood only flows in one direction.
What is the semilunar valves?
The aortic and pulmonary valves and it between the left ventricle and the aorta and valves prevent back flow of blood.
What is the chordate tendineae?
It’s chord-like tendons connected to the bicuspid and tricuspid valves to prevent the heart from turning inside out.
What are the ventricles?
They are larger than the artria because they eject blood further (lungs and body)
What is the pathway of blood through the heart?
Inferior/superior vena cava
Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
Aortic semilunar valve
Aorta
What are some properties of the arteries?
- Elasticity and contractility and helps maintain blood pressure.
- They are very deep under the skin and branch into smaller arterioles that deliver blood to the capillaries
What are arterioles?
They control blood distribution by changing the diameter. It adjusts the blood flow into the capillaries in response to differing demands for oxygen.
What do the veins do?
They allow venous return.
