Heart Flashcards
What is heart attack?
A heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction, is when the blood flow to the heart is blocked, usually by a blood clot.
Blockage of vessel supplying the heart - coronary artery
-narrowing leads to ischemia (reduced blood supply to cardiac muscle)
This can cause damage to the heart muscle and can be life-threatening.
What is the main purpose of coronary circulation?
The main purpose of coronary circulation is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle. It helps keep the heart healthy and functioning properly.
Veinous blood of the heart is collected by the cardiac veins all of which drain at the posterior aspect of heart to?
Coronary sinus
What is coronary sinus?
The coronary sinus is a large vein located on the posterior side of the heart. It collects deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle and returns it to the right atrium of the heart.
How many surfaces of heart?
-
Diaphragmatic surface
(Inferior - in contact with diaphragm) -
Right pulmonary surface
With right lung -
Left pulmonary surface
With left lung -
Costosternal surface
Anterior surface - incontact with sternum
Superior Vena Cava is supplies by which veins?
Right and left brachiocephalic vein
How many pulmonary veins on either side of left atrium?
4 pulmonary veins
What are branches of aorta?
-
Brachiocephalic trunk
Splits into : - Right common carotid artery - supplies head n neck
- Right subclavian artery - supplies right arm
- Left common carotid artery
- Left subclavian artery
The coronary arteries which supply the heart arise from ?
Right and left aortic sinuses at the base of aorta
What is coronary sulcus?
Groove between atrium and ventricles
-coronary arteries run in this sulcus
What is interventricular sulcus?
Groove between 2 ventricles
1. Anterior at front
2. Posterior at back
Right coronary artery continues to the right side of heart through coronary sulcus and descends to give:
1.Right marginal branch (on the side)
2. Posterior interventricular artery or posterior descending artery (at the back)
The left coronary artery gives?
**1. Anterior interventricular artery **
It continues and wounds all the way back to posterior side of heart and this winding artery is called
2. Circumflex artery
Continues and gives
3. Left marginal artery
Coronary dominance is determined by?
Which coronary artery supplies the posterior interventricular artery….
If left coronary artery - left dominant
If right coronary artery - right dominant
Coronary sinus lines between? And its function?
In coronary sulcus between
Left atrium and left ventricle
Cardiac veins drain into Coronary sinus which drains into right atrium
The great cardiac vein runs down?
Anterior intra ventricular sulcus
Which veins are drained into coronary sinus?
1.Great cardiac vein (anterior interventricular sulcus)
2.Middle cardiac vein (posterior interventricular sulcus)
3. Posterior cardiac vein (on margin of heart)
4. Small cardiac vein (on left side of heart)
Difference between oblique sinus and transverse sinus?
The oblique sinus and transverse sinus are both spaces within the heart, but they are located in different areas.
Oblique
The oblique sinus is a small cavity located on the posterior surface of the heart, between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Or around the vanae cavaea and 4 pulmonary veins
Transverse
On the other hand, the transverse sinus is a groove located between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. It is a passage that allows blood vessels and other structures to pass through.
Nerve supply to pericardium?
Phrenic nerves
Which vena cava has no valve?
Superior
