Healthy Eating During Pregnancy Flashcards
Hemoglobin Test
Determines amount of hemoglobin in 100 dL of blood
A deciliter is 1/10th of a liter
Hemoglobin lab values for man, woman, and child:
Man: 13-18 g/dL
Woman: 12-16 g/dL
Child (3-12): 11-12.5 g/dL
Hematocrit Test
Measures % or ratio of RBCs per fluid volume of blood
Hematocrit lab values for man, woman, and child:
Man: 42-50%
Woman: 40-48%
Child (3-12): 35-45%
Baby needs how many Kcal/day? (In womb)
300
Lactose Intolerance
Deficiency of lactase (enzyme that digest sugar in milk)
S&S of Lactose Intolerance
Abdominal distention
Flatulence
N/V
Loose stools
Substitutions for patients with lactose intolerance:
Aged cheese
Buttermilk
Yogurt
Tablets
How much calcium/day should a pregnant mother have?
1000mg/day
Baby will take calcium from mom’s bones if baby doesn’t get enough
How much folic acid/day should a pregnant mother have?
600ug/day
Purpose of folic acid?
Needed for mom and baby to form tissues
Forms baby’s brain and spinal
Prevents spina bifida
Sources of folic acid:
Prenatal vitamin Cereal Spinach Broccoli Oranges Bananas Milk Beans
How much iron/day is needed for a pregnant mother?
30 mg/day
Sources of iron:
Iron fortified cereals Red meat Poultry Fish Dried beans Spinach Asparagus
How much Vitamin C/day is needed for pregnant mother?
Purpose?
85 mg
Helps heal wounds and build strong bones and teeth
Sources of Vitamin C?
Oranges Strawberries Cantaloupe Tomato Green pepper Grapefruit Broccoli
How much zinc/day is needed for pregnant mother?
Purpose?
11 mg
Cell production
Tissue growth and repair
Brain development of growing baby
Sources of zinc?
Lean beef
Milk
Nuts
How much choline/day is needed for pregnant mother?
Purpose?
450 mg
One of the building blocks for brain and spinal cord
Sources of Choline:
Eggs
Meats
Oatmeal
Iceberg lettuce
Name the (5) B-Vitamins needed for a pregnant mother:
Niacin Riboflavin Thiamin B6 B12
Purpose of the B vitamins:
Help the body get energy from the foods mom eats
Good sources of B vitamins:
Grains
Beef
Pork
Poultry
5 groups a pregnant mother should eat:
Breads and starches Fruits and vegetables Meats or meat substitutes Dairy foods Fats
How many servings of breads and starches should a pregnant woman have a day?
6-10
How many servings of fruits and vegetables should a pregnant woman have a day?
5-8
How many servings of meat or meat substitute should a pregnant woman have a day?
2-3
Can have eggs, tofu, beans, or peanut butter as a substitute
How many servings of dairy foods should a pregnant woman have a day?
4-5
How many servings of fats should a pregnant woman have a day?
1-3
6 things a pregnant woman should not consume:
Alcohol Raw and Undercooked Foods Unpasteurized Milk Caffeine Sweetener Mercury in fIsh
Unpasteurized Milk Products a pregnant woman should avoid:
Fresh milk Brie Feta Camembert Soft blue Mexican varieties
A pregnant woman is aloud how much caffeine/day?
1-1 1/2 glasses
Includes sport drinks and chocolate
Types of fish a pregnant woman should avoid:
Shark
Swordfish
King mackerel
Tilefish
4 ways to avoid morning sickness:
Eat small dry foods before getting out of bed
Eat several small meals
Avoid greasy, spicy or rich foods
Take prenatal vitamins with food
4 ways for pregnant women to avoid heartburn:
Eat 5-6 small meals
Avoid greasy or spicy foods
Eat slowly
Avoid lying down after meals
Advantages of breast feeding
Less change of allergic reaction Natural protection passed on less chance of over-feeding Meet all of baby's nutritional needs Mother-Baby bond Convenience Less expensive Regain pre-pregnancy weight Decreased risk for breast cancer
