Healthy Diets and Digestive System Anatomy Flashcards
What is the name of the chart used to show the food portions you should eat every day?
The food pyramid
How much meat should you eat per each meal?
The width of your palm
Name one food that is rich in iodine.
Seaweed
Define the term “enzyme”.
A chemical found in the digestive system to assist in breaking down large food molecules into smaller, more soluble ones to absorb into the bloodstream.
What is pepsin?
A type of protease enzyme used to break down protein into the stomach
Where is amylase produced within the digestive system?
In the mouth along with saliva to help break down starch molecules
Why is pepsin inefficient as an enzyme capable of disbanding protein in the small intestine, and what protease is used there instead of pepsin?
Unlike the acidic environment of the stomach, the small intestine internals have an alkali pH of 8, which pepsin cannot cope with as the long, alkali, cylinder tube is not the usual environment it is used to. Instead, a different protease, called trypsin, is used to break down proteins in the basic environment.
Name the type of enzyme used to break down fats.
Lipase
What are the results of eating an unbalanced diet?
Malnutrition (eating too less of a required food group) or obesity (eating too many high energy foods)
Give the name of the sense organ in your mouth used to “taste” the flavour of food within the cavity.
The tongue
Explain the role of the incisor teeth in your mouth.
To cut and bite pieces of food into smaller ones
State the number of teeth an adult’s mouth cavity should be expected to have.
32 teeth, unless surgery is done on permanent teeth or born condition of the adult causes them to grow less teeth than usual.
Name the type of teeth that only omni- or carnivores have in each corner of their oral cavity.
Canines
How does tooth decay happen and how can large sections of decay cause pain?
Tooth decay is the result of long-term unhygienic oral health, where food stuck in gaps on the teeth or adhered with sticky ingredients as a component of the food combine together with airborne bacteria inside the mouth to change the sugar and starch in the food into enamel-damaging acid. Overtime, the acid wears away the external enamel of protection around a tooth and works its way inwards, toward the pulp of blood and nerves of the tooth’s internals, killing the nerves and unhealthily infecting the tooth.
Name one material a human tooth is made from.
Dentine
