Energy topic Complete Revision

Question 1

Energy Definition

Answer 1

Ability/power to do physical work

Question 2

Measurement units for energy

Answer 2

Joules (J) or Watts (W)

Question 3

Energy types

Answer 3

Thermal (heat), Light, Sound, Chemical, Kinetic, Nuclear, Gravitational Potential (GPE), Electrical, Elastic

Question 4

Thermal Energy is…

Answer 4

An energy type conserved in living or non-living organisms with a temperature above -273˚C (absolute zero)

Question 5

Gravitational Potential Energy is…

Answer 5

A type of energy found in anything that has the power to defy gravity in it’s movement or in it’s moving direction for a finite (limited) period of time (e.g. rock climbers and planes)

Question 6

Law of Energy Conservation

Answer 6

[Energy] Can be transferred from one to another form, but not produced or destroyed

Question 7

In living organisms, energy is vital for…

Answer 7

All physical activity (riding bikes, weight lifting, etc.)

Question 8

Energy used by living animals as “fuel” for everyday tasks

Answer 8

Chemical energy (stored in food). When used, the stored energy changes into kinetic energy to carry out required activity.

Question 9

Chemical energy in food is measurable. True or False?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Energy transfer methods

Answer 10

Conduction, Convection, Radiation.

Question 11

How does radiation work and where does it transfer energy the best? What surface colour absorbs radiated heat the best?

Answer 11

Logistics of radiation = transferring heat energy via infrared electromagnetic waves. Requiring no particles for this process, radiation works best in a vacuum like space which contain no particles of any sort to interfere with the wave transmission. Black is a good surface for absorbing AND emitting radiated heat.

Question 12

Thermometers can measure the amount of heat energy in solid objects. True or False?

Answer 12

False. Thermometers can measure the overall temperature of an object due to internal heat energy, but do not have the ability to calculate the exact amount of energy in joules or watts in a solid object.

Question 13

What are the two categories of energy source?

Answer 13

Non-renewable and renewable

Question 14

Names of 3 non-renewable sources of electrical energy

Answer 14

3 chosen out of coal, oil, gas (fossil fuels), and nuclear metal energy

Question 15

Names of 4 renewable sources of electrical energy

Answer 15

4 chosen out of solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, tidal, and hydroelectric

Question 16

Disadvantages of wind as a renewable source of energy

Answer 16

• If there is no wind, there is no energy produced

- windmill blades chopping in the wind are noisy and spoil countryside (usual installation area) views

Question 17

Advantages of hydroelectricity dams as a renewable source of energy

Answer 17

• No fuel costs necessary

- Unless a severe drought occurs, the water supply will never run out

Question 18

Advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels as an energy source

Answer 18

Advantages

• Electricity generated is cheap and affordable
• Stations can be built anywhere

Disadvantages

• Burning fuels releases pollutant gases into the atmosphere
• Fossil fuel stations require lots of fuel to work efficiently

Question 19

Changing of liquid to solid

Answer 19

Freezing

Question 20

Evaporation is…

Answer 20

The changing of a liquid into a gas due to higher or lower temperatures than it can withstand as a liquid.

Question 21

Bad energy conductors are called…

Answer 21

Insulators

Question 22

Purpose of insulators

Answer 22

To prevent the accidental (and potentially harmful) discharge of electricity from metal-made appliances, wires, tools, and objects by absorbing the charge into the insulating material, usually a top layer over such metal products.